Mohammed Bila and Ahmed Sedick Lake Chad Basin Commission CBLT Si ége Rond Point de Grand Armees, Ndjamena Republic of Chad

Outline of Presentation  Challenges and Resources  Ongoing Plans and Programmes  Needs

Ecoregions of Active Watersheds Eco-regions (14) of the Conventional Basin

Change in Climate  Less Rainfall in the Active Watershed

Change in Climate  Temperature rise - an increase of 0.7° C or 2.5% in the Sahelian Zone and an increase of 0.4° C or 1.4% in the Tropical Zone.  A decrease of 3% or 6.5% in relative humidity  Less Flow to the Lake Chad - 50% decrease since 1972  Localised periodic droughts in the Lake Chad Basin  Floods impacting cities and farmlands

km3 Rainfall KYB Chari-El Beid Uses 2010 Mean inflow Mean inflow Inflow decre ase Total water uses What are the max water abstractions for a limited impact on lake levels?

Available Capability/Resources  Distribution of Rainfall Stations  Each Member State has a network of rainfall stations  Manpower to monitor the stations

Available Capability/Resources  Reference Discharge Stations  Eleven Selected Discharge stations with more than 50 years records  Manpower to monitor the discharge stations

Programme & Plans to Address Impacts  Regional Strategic Action Programme & National Action Plans and an Investment Plan (IP) of the Lake Chad Basin (contains over 50 projects estimated to cost €107 million over the period 2012 – 2017).  Data Sharing Protocol agreed  Lake Chad Basin Water Charter to regulate water abstraction among users has been agreed.

Lake Chad Basin Water Charter  Fundamental commitments of the Water Charter; 1. During low waters periods, reserve a minimum low water flow for the tributaries flowing into Lake Chad 2. During high water period, reserve a minimum amount of flood waters to ensure that the basin's wetland areas are inundated 3. Restrict the proportion of abstractions from the inflow to the Lake Chad 4. Adapt groundwater abstraction to aquifer capacity 5. When necessary, create fishing reserves in part of Lake Chad and/or its tributaries. 6. Share data and ensure smoothly-run exchanges of information

LCBC Needs  Formalising the generation and exchange of information using GEO principles between Member States.  Data and models to enforce the Member States commitment to the Lake Chad Basin Water Charter  Data and information to monitor the implementation and progress of IWRM, actions and plans developed within the SAP framework.

Specific Needs  Functions/Tools for Lake Chad WCI ◦ Observation network  Initiate the adoption of new technologies in water observation  Build capacity by supporting the emergence of new institutional structures and mechanism for basin-wide coordination  Select adequate number of reference in-situ rainfall stations for calibration (upgrade, operate and maintain by LCBC)  Identify/establish more discharge reference stations(establish/upgrade, operate and maintain by LCBC).

Specific Needs  Data Access  Acquire regular water related EO products over the Conventional Basin of the LCBC  Acquire Numerical Weather Prediction, Reanalysis, and Climate Projection capacity  Models  Develop rainfall-runoff model  Management systems  Forecasting and Early Warning System at short term and seasonal time frame  Decision Support System for Water Resources Development  Knowledge and data sharing portal

LCBC Collaborative Framework ◦ The following Multi-Disciplinary Professional Experts Committees are working with the LCBC to ensure collaboration by maintaining data quality, sharing data, information, exchanging ideas and experiences through regular meetings and publications.  LCBC Technical Committee  The Inter-Ministerial Technical Committees  The Water Resources Expert Committee  Committee on the Environment, Science and Planning.

Implementation Proposal  Stakeholder Engagement ◦ Identify and organise LCBC stakeholders, develop common vision, Share objectives, collaborations, achievements and feasibility, Identify SBA  Establish a working group in the LCBC ◦ Identify suitable demonstration catchments ◦ Identify and contact stakeholders in the selected pilot catchments

Implementation Proposal  Establish Lake Chad Basin Water Cycle Integrator Steering Committee comprising key stakeholders from pilot catchments ◦ Support the implementation of pilot WCI ◦ Evaluate and disseminate result ◦ Plan for basin wide expansion of the Lake Chad WCI possibly with private sector involvement  Development of a regional based water management knowledge repository based on the output of the Lake Chad WCI.  Consisting of analysis, prediction, early warning, risk assessment and decision support