Johan van den Berg Santam Agriculture Climate outlook for 2014/15 October 2014
RSA rainfall deviation (mm) from average
Example of El Nino
Example of La Nina
Forecast for October 2014 –different forecasts Different models eutral Neutral
eutral Forecast for December 2014 –different forecasts Different models Neutral
eutral Forecast for February 2015 –different forecasts Different models Neutral
Indian Ocean
Indian Ocean Dipole Index
L H H
L H H L
IOD Index forecast
WET DRY VERY DRY WET/ NORMAL
La Nina El Nino Neutral Neutral/ El Nino
WET DRY VERY DRY WET/ NORMAL La Nina El Nino Neutral Neutral/ El Nino
Normal effect of El Nino and Indian Ocean on rainfall
JanFebMarAprMay Jun DecNov Oct SepAugJul Positive effect Negative effect Effect on normal rainfall with El Nino present: Central to western Summer Rainfall Area Relative Effect No effect
JanFebMarAprMay Jun DecNov Oct SepAugJul Positive effect Negative effect Effect on normal rainfall with El Nino present: Relative Effect No effect Eastern Summer Rainfall Area
JulAugSepOctNov Dec JunMay Apr MarFebJan Positive effect Negative effect Effect on normal rainfall with El Nino present Relative Effect No effect Winter Rainfall Area
L H H L
JanFebMarAprMay Jun DecNov Oct SepAugJul Positive effect Negative effect Effect on normal rainfall with Negative IOD Relative Effect IOD
JanFebMarAprMay Jun DecNov Oct SepAugJul Positive effect Negative effect Effect on normal rainfall with Negative IOD and El Nino Relative Effect El Nino IOD
JanFebMarAprMay Jun DecNov Oct SepAugJul Positive effect Negative effect Effect on rainfall with Negative IOD and El Nino Relative Effect El Nino IOD Combined effect
JanFebMarAprMay Jun DecNov Oct SepAugJul Positive effect Negative effect Effect on normal rainfall with Negative IOD + El Nino Relative Effect Dry spell Normal Combined effect No effect
IF POSITIVE MODE + EL NINO……
L H H
JanFebMarAprMay Jun DecNov Oct SepAugJul Positive effect Negative effect Effect on rainfall with Positive IOD High cyclone frequency Relative Effect No effect
JanFebMarAprMay Jun DecNov Oct SepAugJul Positive effect Negative effect Effect on normal rainfall with El Nino present: Central to western Summer Rainfall Area Relative Effect No effect
JanFebMarAprMay Jun DecNov Oct SepAugJul Positive effect Negative effect Effect on normal rainfall with El Nino + Positive IOD Relative Effect Drought Good start to season El Nino IOD
JanFebMarAprMay Jun DecNov Oct SepAugJul Positive effect Negative effect Effect on normal rainfall with El Nino + Positive IOD Relative Effect Drought Good start to season Not expected for 2014/15 No effect
JanFebMarAprMay Jun DecNov Oct SepAugJul Positive effect Negative effect Effect on normal rainfall with Negative IOD + El Nino Relative Effect Dry spell Normal Combined effect No effect
Thanks