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Presentation transcript:

Coral Reefs and their Marine Families Reef IQ

New Vocabulary New vocabulary will be highlighted in green. Please write down each new word for review at the end of the class. polypsalgae ecosystemhabitat zooxanthellaetentacles

Introduction to Coral Reefs Coral reefs are amazing, natural wonders that live in the warm waters of the tropics, providing habitat for thousands of marine creatures.

Corals- ANIMAL or PLANT?

Coral is an ANIMAL! Coral is actually an animal. They live attached to the sea floor. They are the builders of the reef! A single coral animal is called a coral polyp. The coral polyps live together in colonies. The coral polyps live inside here

Polyps Outside! Polyps Inside Tiny, little animals!

What do they eat? To get energy to build the coral reef the corals need to eat. The polyps use their tentacles to catch tiny animals that float in the water called zooplankton. But corals get MOST of their food from marine plants that actually live inside the coral! A coral polyp

What do they eat? A microscopic type of algae called zooxanthellae actually live inside corals, just under their skin. Corals are solar-powered just like trees on land. The algae that live inside the coral soak up the sun all day - just like sunbathers on the beach. A coral polyp

Zooxanthellae Coral polyp Coral colony Corals Coral Reef

The Great Barrier Reef is the largest system in the world and can be seen from outer space. Corals produce a hard skeleton that forms the actual structure of the reef. Coral reefs have the second highest biodiversity after rainforests. Interesting Coral Reef Facts

Why are coral reefs important? Habitat: They are home to 33% of all known fish species. Nursery: And a nursery ground for over 25% of all marine species. Photo by J. Randall Photo by Dee Wescott Photo by MacGillivray Freeman Films

Why are coral reefs important? Income: they provide millions of dollars of income annually for people living by coral reefs. Medical Research: coral reefs have the potential to be used as medical cures to treat cancer, heart disease, HIV and arthritis among others. Protection: they protect 20% of the world’s coast from wave erosion. Food: they are a food source for millions of people. Tourism: coral reefs attract tourists from all over the world.

What is a healthy environment for coral reefs? Sunlight A certain salinity Low nutrient, clear water Water temperature ºC Water circulation Photo by MacGillivray Freeman Films

What are the man-made threats to coral reefs? Global warming leading to coral bleaching. Runoff of chemicals and nutrients from land Sedimentation. Rubbish including marine debris Overfishing Physical damage from tourists and fishermen Pollution from untreated sewage and oil. An example of coral bleaching.

What plants live on coral reefs? Algae - lots of different types!

What animals live on the reef? Turtles!

Crayfish What animals live on coral reefs?

Hard coral What animals live on coral reefs?

What animals live on coral reefs? Giant clams

Parrotfish What animals live on coral reefs?

What animals live on coral reefs? Butterflyfish

Surgeonfish What animals live on coral reefs?

Damselfish What animals live on coral reefs?

Damselfish including Clownfish, like Nemo! What animals live on coral reefs?

Cleaner shrimp What animals live on coral reefs?

Sponges What animals live on coral reefs?

Coral Trout What animals live on coral reefs?

Sharks What animals live on coral reefs?

THE END! Perhaps you can join them one day!