WHY ???? Are ReefTeachers & Snorkel Survey Important ? Sara Peck UH Sea Grant.

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Presentation transcript:

WHY ???? Are ReefTeachers & Snorkel Survey Important ? Sara Peck UH Sea Grant

Evaluation of Trampling Damage to Hawai‘i’s Coral Reefs

HUMAN USE SURVEYS

Grade School Surveys Kahaluu Beach Park 5 th graders interview visitors Do visitors know what live coral looks like?

Kahakai Kids for Corals Letters to WHT County Council Mural

Staining to Determine Growth Rates

Original coral size New coral growth Linear Extension Measurements

Kahalu‘u Experimental Site

Orange Cup Coral Animal and Calcium Carbonate Home (Corallite or Calyx)

How Does a Coral Polyp Grow?

Symbiotic Relationship Between Plant and Animal Zooks Make Food and Oxygen for Coral Animal, Animal Gives Zooks Waste Ammonia and Carbon Dioxide

Why Coral Colors ?

Photoprotectant Pigment? Maybe Yes Maybe No Needs Work

Petroglyph Snapping Shrimp Trails

Christmas Tree Worm

Damaged Coral Polyps CAUSED BY: Humans, Predators, Natural Mechanical, & Catastrophic

Standing Destroys Coral Polyps

Show People How to Avoid Live Coral

Education & Outreach ReefTalks bring issues to the community Reef Teach cross-generations

ReefWatchers: shallow water and tidepools

YOU MAKE THE DIFFERENCE Join ReefWatchers or Become a ReefTeacher Do what you can to help support and conserve for sustainable use Hawaii’s coral reefs.

Control Site

Objectives Demonstrate whether or not there are impacts to coral reefs by snorkelers. Determine the degree of coral mortality directly related to these impacts. Evaluate the growth rates of coral subjected to trampling. Document rates of recovery in simulated trampling experiments. Determine breakage strength and rates for dominant Hawaiian corals.

Linear growth Linear growth Mortality rates Mortality rates Damage recovery Damage recovery Breakage strengths Breakage strengths Human use surveys Human use surveys

Site Control Site Experimental

Colonies Split to Allow for Genetic Diversity and Provide Added Statistical Power

Shallow, calm areas that are frequented by snorkelers are the same environments inhabited by the species of corals with the lowest skeletal strength and with the highest breakage rates. Extensive damage can occur in sites with high human use. Continuous impact results in high mortality. Brief periods of intense trampling can significantly affect growth of corals but mortality is low once the impact has been removed. Sites impacted by trampling have lower coral cover than unimpacted sites.

Community Level Large scale study of growth and mortality Colony Level Experimental manipulation Fragment growth/survival/strength

Moku o Lo‘e Simulated Trampling Site

Colony Level simulated trampling experiments Stained Weighed Impacted Fragments-counted/measured

Monitoring Efforts ReefWatchers are trained volunteers DAR approved protocols

Education On Site ReefTeachers Girl Scouts High School Adults Future Approaches

YOUR HELP OUR ONLY CHANCE