Coral Reef Ecology Objectives: 1.Describe symbiosis. 2.Describe fish feeding guilds, the relationship of various reef fish, and their food sources.

Symbiosis a close relationship between two species in which at least one organism benefits

3 Types of Symbiosis 1. Mutualism both organisms benefit ex: coral polyp and zooxanthellae Ex: goby and the blind shrimp m/videos/top-10-odd- animal-couples-shrimp-a- goby.html m/videos/top-10-odd- animal-couples-shrimp-a- goby.html

2. Commensalism one organism benefits, the other is neither harmed nor benefited ex: remora fish and shark Ex: imperial shrimp on a sea cucumber

3. parasitism one organism benefits, the other is harmed ex: fish or mammals and tapeworms

Cool Examples Ant and Butterfly Cleaner Gobies and Grouper Sea anemone and Clownfish

Fish Feeding Guilds Definition: groups of species of fish which exploit the same food resource in a similar way Main Types a) benthic (bottom-dwelling) algae feeders browsers – eat only plant material scrapers – eat plants and some substratum

b) plankton feeders pickers

c) benthic animal feeders ambushers foragers coral polyp pickers

d) macro nekton (swimmers) feeders ambushers stalkers

Activity: Fish Feeding Guilds Fish FamilyFeeding GuildExplanation Butterflyfish Surgeonfish Hawkfish Goatfish Wrasse

Coral Reef Food Web Using information from the fish ID book, draw a coral reef food web that includes 2 different species/types of fish. Start from the producers ---- which are? Then work your way up the consumer levels.