Infectious Diseases/ Immune System

NOTES Infectious Disease= caused by pathogens that enter, live in/on, and multiply within the human body. Pathogens= organisms that cause disease Ex. Pathogens: bacteria, virus, fungi, protozoans, parasites. Viruses are different because a virus requires a host (living) cell to live in, bacteria does not.

NOTES Spread of Infectious Diseases: Contact with pathogens through… a.)an infected person b.) a contaminated object (desk, doorknob) c.) an infected animal d.) a contaminated substance (food, drink)

NOTES- look at the picture on pg. 533 Your Body’s Defenses 1 st line= Physical and Chemical barriers (skin, mucous, cilia) 2 nd line= Inflammation (increased blood flow) 3 rd line= Immune System

Immune System- the system in your body which fights infections and keeps you healthy. Lymphatic system= filtering system to destroy pathogens Lymphocytes= white blood cell- B cells, T cells. B cells produce antibodies People with HIV have weakened immune systems…can’t fight off simple infections.

There are 2 types of Immunity: Immunity= Protects your body from future infection I. Active= results from having a disease – (your body produces antibodies once it has overcome an infection (sickness) so you can’t get the same sickness again), or getting a vaccine (immunizations- polio, measles, hepatitis B, etc.) II. Passive= receiving antibodies from someone else’s body (breast feeding)

Process of Immunity I. Contact with pathogen II. Pathogen multiplies in body III. Feel sick IV. Immune system defeats pathogen by creating antibodies V. Now you have Immunity to that particular pathogen

Examples of Infectious Diseases (p. 540) Tetanus measles Rabies Chicken Pox Meningitis Pick 2 of these and write down the symptoms and treatment…

QUESTIONS 1. OUTLINE The Stages of the Infectious Disease Influenza (flu) on pg Copy all! Exposure Incubation Stage 1-3 DAYS _________ Flu enters body Immunity

2. What are ANTIBIOTICS and what do they treat? (pg. 536) 3. What are 3 things you can do to PREVENT an infectious disease? (p.537)

STAR 9 TEST Qs 1. What is the greatest danger to a patient who has damage to the skin? A. Loss of oils produced by the skin B. Excessive muscle contractions in the damaged area C. Infections in uncovered tissues D. Damaged tissue entering the bloodstream

2. The Sabin vaccine is a liquid containing weakened polio viruses. Vaccinated individuals become protected against polio because the weakened viruses A. Prevent further viral invasion B. Induce an inflammatory response C. Promote production of antibodies D. Are too weak to cause illness

3. Which of the following require a host cell because they are not able to make proteins on their own. A. Blue-green algae B. Bacteria C. Protozoans D. Viruses

4. Individuals with HIV sometimes contract a pneumonia that is rare in the rest of the population because people with HIV A. Are unable to fight off these pneumonia-causing organisms B. Are more often exposed to these pneumonia-causing organisms C. Release pheromones that attract the pneumonia-causing organisms D. Release substances that increase the strength of the pneumonia-causing organisms