Introduction to ANIMAL SCIENCE Objectives: List 5 functions of domestic animals; Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals; Define appropriate terminology related to animals; and Contrast the differences among animal breeds, species, and types. List major types & uses of each species of livestock List & describe benefits of animal agriculture Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture

Why do we CHOOSE to have animals? A. List 5 functions of domestic animals Why do we CHOOSE to have animals?

Functions of domestic animals: 1-Food A. List 5 functions of domestic animals Functions of domestic animals: 1-Food Meat Eggs Milk Honey

Functions of domestic animals: 2- Clothing A. List 5 functions of domestic animals Functions of domestic animals: 2- Clothing Wool Leather Hair/Fur Feathers

Functions of domestic animals: 3-Power A. List 5 functions of domestic animals Functions of domestic animals: 3-Power Horses, Mules, Donkeys, Burros Llamas, Alpacas Oxen, Water buffalo, reindeer, yak, camels

Functions of domestic animals: 4- Recreation & Companionship A. List 5 functions of domestic animals Functions of domestic animals: 4- Recreation & Companionship Pleasure Horses Purebred Herds and Flocks Livestock Exhibitions, Shows, Rodeos Horse Racing

Functions of domestic animals: 5- Service A. List 5 functions of domestic animals Functions of domestic animals: 5- Service Guide dogs for blind Police Dogs Rescue Dogs Therapy animals

B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals Terms: Wild Animal Not GENETICALLY altered by artificial selection for use by humans. Genetically & Behaviorally Wild

B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals Terms: Domestic Animal an animal that has been genetically altered from the original wild species for use by humans through ARTIFICIAL SELECTION Genetically Domestic Behaviorally= domestic

B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals Terms: Tame Wild Animal a wild animal that, through intervention of man, has adapted BEHAVIORALLY so as to be useful to humans. Genetically=Wild Behaviorally=Domestic

B. Describe conditions and requirements of domestic animals Terms: Feral Animal a DOMESTIC animal that lives in the WILD with no human assistance Genetically=Domestic Behaviorally= Wild

European Cattle *Genus/Species: Bos Taurus *Baby: Calf C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. European Cattle *Genus/Species: Bos Taurus *Baby: Calf *Young Male: Bullock *Young Female: Heifer (until 1st calf is born) *Castrated Male: Steer *Mature Male: Bull *Mature Female: Cow *Group: Herd

Indian Cattle *Genus/Species: Bos Indicus *Baby: Calf C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Indian Cattle *Genus/Species: Bos Indicus *Baby: Calf *Young Male: Bullock *Young Female: Heifer (until 1st calf is born) *Castrated Male: Steer *Mature Male: Bull *Mature Female: Cow *Group: Herd

Sheep *Genus/Species: Ovis aries *Baby: Lamb *Young Male: Ram Lamb C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Sheep *Genus/Species: Ovis aries *Baby: Lamb *Young Male: Ram Lamb *Young Female: Ewe Lamb *Castrated Male: Wether *Mature Male: Ram *Mature Female: Ewe *Group: Flock

Pigs *Genus/Species: Sus scrofa domestica *Baby: Piglet C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Pigs *Genus/Species: Sus scrofa domestica *Baby: Piglet *Young Male: Shoat *Young Female: Gilt (until 1st litter) *Castrated Male: Barrow *Mature Male: Boar *Mature Female: Sow *Group: Herd, Drove, Mob Or “Sounder of hogs”

Goats *Genus/Species: Capra hircus *Baby: Kid *Young Male: Ram Kid C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Goats *Genus/Species: Capra hircus *Baby: Kid *Young Male: Ram Kid *Young Female: Doe Kid *Castrated Male: Wether *Mature Male: Billy *Mature Female: Doe *Group: herd or tribe

Horses *Genus/Species: Equus caballus *Baby: Foal *Young Male: Colt C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Horses *Genus/Species: Equus caballus *Baby: Foal *Young Male: Colt *Young Female: Filly *Castrated Male: Gelding *Mature Male: Stallion *Mature Female: Mare *Group: Herd

Poultry *Genus/Species: Gallus domesticus *Baby: Chick C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Poultry *Genus/Species: Gallus domesticus *Baby: Chick *Young Male: Cockerel *Young Female: Pullet *Castrated Male: Capon *Mature Male: Rooster *Mature Female: Hen *Group: Chickens: Brood, Flock, Peep Turkeys: Rafter, Gobble, Gang Geese: Gaggle (if they are in flight=Skein)

Rabbits *Genus/Species: Oryctolagus cuniculus *Baby: Bunny C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Rabbits *Genus/Species: Oryctolagus cuniculus *Baby: Bunny *Young Male: *Young Female: *Mature Male: Buck *Mature Female: Doe *Group: Colony, Nest, Herd

Dog *Genus/Species: canis familiaris *Baby: Puppy *Young Male: C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Dog *Genus/Species: canis familiaris *Baby: Puppy *Young Male: *Young Female: *Mature Male: Stud *Mature Female: Dam or Bitch *Group: Pack

Cat *Genus/Species: felis catus *Baby: Kitten *Young Male: C. Define appropriate terminology related to animals. Cat *Genus/Species: felis catus *Baby: Kitten *Young Male: *Young Female: *Mature Male: Tom *Mature Female: Queen *Group: Clowder or Clutter Video Clip

D. Contrast the differences among animal breeds, species, and types. a group of closely related animals that can INTERBREED and produce FERTILE offspring Example Cattle

D. Contrast the differences among animal breeds, species, and types. animals of common ORIGIN with characteristics that distinguish them from other groups within the same SPECIES Example Scottish Highlander

D. Contrast the differences among animal breeds, species, and types. animals of the same SPECIES that are grouped together based on the PRODUCTS they produce Example

E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Types of Livestock Each species of livestock has specific breeds that perform best for each purpose: Meat Type: Produce meat efficiently Dairy Type: Produce milk efficiently Dual Purpose: Produce meat & milk efficiently Ornamental: Don’t produce milk or meat efficiently, chosen for beauty Performance: Chosen for performance traits

Cattle Beef Type Dairy Type Dual Purpose E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Cattle Beef Type Dairy Type Dual Purpose Dairy = holstein Dual = milking shorthorn Meat = hereford

Sheep Wool or Hair type Meat or Mutton type Dual Dairy sheep Fine E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Sheep Wool or Hair type Fine Medium Long Colored Meat or Mutton type Dual Dairy sheep Hair type = dorper Meat type = shropshire Dual purpose = columbia Dairy = fresian milk

Pigs Meat Type Bacon Lard E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Pigs Meat Type Bacon Lard Meat type = yorkshire Bacon type = Tamworth Lard type = Mangalista

Goats Meat Type Dairy Type E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Goats Meat Type Dairy Type Meat = boer Dairy = nubian

Horses Performance Type Draft Type Racing Ranch Work/Stock Horse E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Horses Performance Type Draft Type Racing Ranch Work/Stock Horse Draft type = belgian Racing type = thoroughbred Stock = paint

Chickens Eggs (Layers) Meat (Broilers) Ornamental E. List major types & uses of each species of livestock Chickens Eggs (Layers) Meat (Broilers) Ornamental Layer = white leghorn Broiler = cornish rock Ornamental = silky bantam

What are the benefits of Animal Agriculture?? F. List & describe benefits of animal agriculture What are the benefits of Animal Agriculture?? Animals convert feed that humans CAN’T eat to food humans CAN eat (poor hay, corn stalks, straw, etc.) Helps maintain fertility of the land

What are the benefits of Animal Agriculture?? F. List & describe benefits of animal agriculture What are the benefits of Animal Agriculture?? Personal satisfaction of working with domesticated animals May more fully utilize capital, machinery and wasteland (range).

What are the benefits of Animal Agriculture?? F. List & describe benefits of animal agriculture What are the benefits of Animal Agriculture?? Animal proteins are superior to vegetable proteins for humans Animal proteins have improved amino acid balance over vegetable protein Milk -- approximately 90% of milk for human consumption in the world comes from cattle Over 85% of the world population desires food of animal origin

Top States in Beef Production G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Beef Production 1. Texas 2. Oklahoma 3. Missouri 4. Nebraska 5. South Dakota Utah’s Rank 28th To update go to nass.usda.gov Click Statitcs by state then go to Annual Statics Bulletin Then the year Then Utah’s rank! 2011

Top States in Dairy Production G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Dairy Production 1. California 2. Wisconsin 3. New York 4. Idaho 5. Pennsylvania Utah’s Rank 24th

Top States in Sheep Production G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Sheep Production 1. Texas 2. California 3. Colorado 4. Wyoming 5. Utah 2011

Top States in Goat Production G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Goat Production Meat Goats 1. Texas 2. Tennessee 3. California 4. Oklahoma 5. North Carolina Utah’s Rank 36th Dairy Goats 1. California 2. Iowa 3. Texas 4. New York 5. New England CT, ME, MA, NH, RI, and VT Utah’s Rank 35th 2011

Top States in Swine Production G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Swine Production 1. Iowa 2. North Carolina 3. Minnesota 4. Illinois 5. Indiana Utah’s Rank 14th 2010

Top States in Layers Production G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Layers Production 1. Iowa 2. Ohio 3. Pennsylvania 4. Indiana 5. California Utah’s Rank 25th

Top States in Broiler Production G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Broiler Production 1. Arkansas 2. Georgia 3. Alabama 4. North Carolina 5. Mississippi

Top States in Turkey Production G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Top States in Turkey Production 1. North Carolina 2. Minnesota 3. 4. 5. Utah’s Rank 14th

Number of Farms and Ranches G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Number of Farms and Ranches 1. Texas 2. Missouri 3. Iowa 4. Oklahoma 5. Kentucky Utah’s Rank 36th

Land in Farms and Ranches G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Land in Farms and Ranches 1. Texas 2. Montana 3. Kansas 4. Nebraska 5. South Dakota Utah’s Rank 26th

Utah’s Rank in Other Areas G. Recognize top producing states for animal agriculture Utah’s Rank in Other Areas Mink Production 2nd Trout Production 6th Honey Production 24th