NUCLEIC ACIDS Šárka Dvořáková Michaela Mášová 14.4.2005 Z 3.

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Presentation transcript:

NUCLEIC ACIDS Šárka Dvořáková Michaela Mášová Z 3

Linear polymers consisting of repeating nucleotid units linked by phosphodiester bonds Linear polymers consisting of repeating nucleotid units linked by phosphodiester bonds Types of Nucleic acids: Types of Nucleic acids: - DNA ( 2- deoxy- β-D-deoxyribonucleic acid ) - DNA ( 2- deoxy- β-D-deoxyribonucleic acid ) - RNA ( β -D –ribonucleic acid ) - RNA ( β -D –ribonucleic acid )

Structure components of nucleic acids : - bases - sugar - phosphate ester

Bases and sugars

Difference RNA RNA - bases: adenine guanine guanine thymine thymine cytosine cytosine - sugar: D –ribose - phosphate ester DNA - bases: adenine guanine uracile cytosine - sugar: 2 –deoxy-D – ribose - phosphate ester

Structure of DNA The structure of DNA consists of two polynucleotide strains wound around each other to form a right – handed double helix The structure of DNA consists of two polynucleotide strains wound around each other to form a right – handed double helix There are two types of base pair in DNA: There are two types of base pair in DNA: A – T ( adenine-thymine) A – T ( adenine-thymine) G – C ( guanine – cytosine) The structure of DNA and the functions of G – C ( guanine – cytosine) The structure of DNA and the functions of gene described Watson and Crick (1953) gene described Watson and Crick (1953)

Structure of RNA RNA exists as a single strand RNA exists as a single strand RNA can coil back on itself RNA can coil back on itself Types of RNA: - messenger mRNA – carry the information for the primary structure of proteins - ribosomal rRNA – part of the protein synthesis apparatus - transfer tRNA – activates AA and recognize codons in mRNA

Functions of organism RNA RNA - several types of RNA responsible for the synthesis of the enzymes, structural proteins, and other polypeptides DNA DNA - stores information that conrolls all cellular processes (replication) - conducting transcription for genesis complementary molecul of RNA

SOURCE Some information from lecture of Biochemistry. Some information from lecture of Biochemistry. Some information from internet. Some information from internet.