Nucleic acids Nucleic Acids Contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and phosphorus. Building blocks for genetic material DNA and RNA most common. Made of monomers.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
NUCLEIC ACIDS : DNA and RNA Nucleic Acids Very Large, Complex, DNA & RNA Store Important Info in the Cell. (Genetic Information) ATP is an energy carrier.
Advertisements

Chapter 12:DNA and RNA (Molecular Genetics).
The Second of the Big Four Nucleic Acids. These are macromolecules are made up of nucleotides – Polymer - nucleic acid – Monomer - nucleotide Contain.
Introduction Nucleic acids are macromolecules made up of smaller nucleotide subunits. They carry genetic information, form specific structures in a cell.
AP Biology Nucleic acids AP Biology Nucleic Acids.
Nucleic Acids.
SBI 3C1. Nucleic Acids  Associated with genetic/hereditary information  There are 2 different types of nucleic acids: 1. DNA - Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
Information Storage and Energy Transfer
Identify the structure of DNA Identify the structure of RNA Compare and contrast the structures of DNA and RNA in terms of nucleotides and base pairs.
DNA & Genetics Biology. Remember chromosomes? What are genes? Made up of DNA and are units of heredity; unique to everyone What are traits? Are physical.
DNA Structure and Function
DNA. Nucleic Acids Informational polymers Made of C,H,O,N and P No general formula Examples: DNA and RNA.
Nucleic Acids.
Make-up Nucleic acids form DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) Nucleic acids are polymers, made up of smaller monomers called nucleotides.
D.N.A. DeoxyriboNucleic Acid
Nucleic Acids.
Quick Review 1.What is genetic information stored as? 2.What organelle is this information found in?
DNA. Nucleic Acids What are the types of Nucleic Acids?
5 pts. 1. What is the micromolcule of nucleic acids?
Nucleic Acids and ATP. Nucleic Acids Named because they were first found in the nucleus of cells VERY VERY BIG Contain C, H, O, N and P.
NUCLEIC ACIDS  P GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS MADE UP OF C, H, O, N, AND P A NUCLEOTIDE MONOMER : THAT INCLUDES A 5 CARBON SUGAR, A NITROGEN BASE AND.
Nucleic Acids Examples DNA RNA ATP DeoxyriboNucleic Acid
Nucleic Acid Nucleic Acids Examples: – RNA (ribonucleic acid) single helix – DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) double helix Structure: – monomers = nucleotides.
NUCLEIC ACIDS. The four major classes of macromolecules are: Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic acids.
Nucleic Acids DNA, RNA, ATP. DNA – Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid Function: Codes for genetic material/instructions Production: Located on chromosomes in the.
Nucleic Acids Nucleic acids provide the directions for building proteins. Two main types…  DNA – deoxyribonucleic acid  Genetic material (genes) that.
Structure Made of C, H, O, N, P What is the monomer for Nucleic Acids? Nucleotides! DNA – Double stranded (Double Helix) RNA – Single stranded.
DNA and Genes. Prokaryotes VS Eukaryotes Prokaryotes: no defined nucleus and a simplified internal structure Eukaryotes: membrane limited nucleus and.
DNA Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid – is the information code to make an organism and controls the activities of the cell. –Mitosis copies this code so that all.
1. Nucleic Acids TWO MAIN TYPES DNA- Deoxyribonucleic Acid RNA- Ribonucleic Acid.
JeopardyNucleicAcidsDNAReplicationRNATranscriptionProteinTranslationEnzymes FINAL JEOPARDY
The Structure of DNA. DNA DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is found in the nuclei of all cells. It is the DNA that carries the genetic information which will.
DNA, RNA & Protein Synthesis. A. DNA and the Genetic Code 1. DNA controls the production of proteins by the order of the nucleotides.
NUCLEIC ACIDS. Below is one of the molecules that makes up DNA. What functional groups do you see in the molecule: 1.Hydroxyl group 2.Carboxyl group 3.Amino.
DNA and RNA. Rosalind Franklin Worked with x-ray crystallography Discovered: That DNA had a helical structure with two strands.
Molecules to Eye Color DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis.
DNA, RNA & Protein Synthesis. A. DNA and the Genetic Code 1. DNA controls the production of proteins by the order of the nucleotides.
Warm Up 1/28/16 Make sure you pick up ALL of the note sheets and Warm Up on the pick up table. REMINDER: If you are working on Remediation Sheets to retake.
Nucleic Acids Include DNA and RNA Function to carry coded information The code controls the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide i.e. the primary structure.
DNA: The Molecule of Heredity
Organic Compounds: Nucleic Acids
Nucleic Acids & Protein Synthesis
RNA Ribonucleic Acid Single-stranded
H.B.2A.1 Construct explanations of how the structures of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids (including DNA and RNA) are related.
4- Nucleic acids (DNA & RNA) Watson and Crick discovered the double helix by building models to conform to X-ray data In April 1953, James Watson.
Mrs. Wharton’s Science Class
Nucleic Acids DNA, RNA, ATP.
Nucleic Acids DNA, RNA, ATP.
The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
Nucleic Acids.
MACROMOLECULES NUCLEIC ACIDS
DNA: The Molecule of Life
Nucleic Acids 1 1.
What is the structure and function of DNA?
Nucleic Acids.
DNA and RNA Structure and Function
What is the structure and function of DNA?
DNA & RNA Notes Unit 3.
(Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
Nucleic Acids Store and transfer genetic information
Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Nucleic Acids And Protein Synthesis
Unwinding the mystery of DNA
Nucleic Acids.
Proteins & Nucleic Acids
Nucleic Acids GT Biology .
DNA.
4- Nucleic acids (DNA & RNA) Watson and Crick discovered the double helix by building models to conform to X-ray data In April 1953, James Watson.
Nucleic acids (DNA & RNA)
Presentation transcript:

Nucleic acids

Nucleic Acids Contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and phosphorus. Building blocks for genetic material DNA and RNA most common. Made of monomers called nucleotides. Nucleotides consist of a sugar, phosphate group and base.

What biological molecules contain nucleic acids DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid RNA – ribonucleic acid ATP – Adenosine triphosphate ADP –Adenosine diphosphate See Page 63 of text

DNA  DNA was first discovered in 1869, but it was not until 1944 that it was shown that genes were composed of this chemical.

DNA  DNA: a molecule that forms the ‘ backbone ’ of a chromosome.  The DNA in each chromosome is a single, long, thin continuous molecule in which the genes form part of the molecule.

The diagram above shows the region of genes on a chromosome. A gene is a region of DNA that controls characteristics that are inherited.

 Genes are carried by chromosomes in the cell nucleus and are arranged in a line along each chromosome.  Genes exert their effects through the molecules they produce.

 The DNA molecule has a double helix shape, which was identified by Watson and Crick.

 They showed that DNA was like a long spiral staircase with two handrails. Each ‘ hand rail ’ is composed of alternating sugar and phosphate units.

DNA is made up of two strands (red and blue). These strands form the backbone of the molecule and are made up of sugar and phosphate groups. Phosphate groups give DNA their negative charge. They are held together by nitrogen bases. (yellow)

DNA 12 DNA is made up of two strands (shown here in blue and red). The strands are held together by nitrogen bases (shown here in yellow) ml There are four nitrogen bases: Cytosine, Guanine, Adenine and Thymine What pairs with C? What pairs with A?

 The steps are made of paired chemical units or bases. There are four different nitrogen bases:  Adenine (A)  Guanine (G)  Cytosine (C)  Thymine (T)

 A only pairs with T  G only pairs with C.  This kind of pairing is called ‘ complimentary base pairing ’.  So if you know the bases for one DNA strand you can work out the other strand.

What is the complimentary base pair of the following DNA strand: ATGCTACATGCTAC TACGATGTACGATG

 A single DNA molecule can be made of over bases (large number of possible combinations).  Even small differences in sequences will results in different genes being formed.

RNA RNA is a single stranded molecule. The strand consists of nucleotides linked together. A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a sugar and a base. Like DNA the bases are cytosine, guanine, and adenine Unlike DNA the fourth base is Uracil instead of thymine.

RNA RNA is involved in the reading of the information in DNA and the synthesis of proteins. You can have several types of RNA such as : – Messenger RNA (mRNA) – Transfer RNA (tRNA)

ATP ATP is a single nucleotide

Difference between ATP and ADP