BIOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT MACROMOLECULES NUCLEIC ACIDS.

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Presentation transcript:

BIOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT MACROMOLECULES NUCLEIC ACIDS

Two types of nucleic acids exist: Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)

NUCLEIC ACIDS Monomer for a nucleic acid: Nucleotide subunits (sugar, nitorgenous base, phosphate)

NUCLEIC ACIDS Functions of Nucleic Acids: DNA -Contains genetic information which is decoded into amino acid sequences of proteins RNA - Assists in the conversion of genetic information in DNA into the amino acid sequence

NUCLEIC ACIDS Differences between DNA and RNA DNARNA SUGARDeoxyriboseRibose BASEAdenine, Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine Adenine, Guanine, Uracil, Cytosine PHOSPHATEPhosphate

NUCLEIC ACIDS Many nucleotides together form a strand via CONDENSATION/DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS reactions which form PHOSPHODIESTER BONDS between the phosphate group on one nucleotide and a hydroxyl group on the sugar of the next nucleotide in the strand

DNA -Double stranded -Sugar-phosphate backbone -Purine-Pyrimidine base pairing -Adenine-Thymine (double bond) and Cytosine-Guanine (triple bond)

DNA

RNA -Single stranded -Sugar-phosphate backbone -No base pairing

RNA