Women’s movements of the 1960s

1960s1960s

Background The Women's Rights Movement of the 1960s was a second wave of activism. The women's movement of the 1960s drew inspiration from the civil rights movement It was made up of members of the middle class It was also caused by the sexual revolution of the 1960s ◦ Sparked by the development of the birth-control pill in 1960 Martin Luther King Jr. giving his "I Have A Dream“, 1963

Background Cont Sexual assault and domestic violence became central targets of women's activism The crime of rape begins to increase in numbers ◦ Rape is sex without consent, both legally and socially Susan Brownmiller's book, Against Her Will, examines the history of rape Feminists work to create domestic violence shelters and rape crisis hotlines

National Organization for Women (NOW) Founded in Founded by a group of people, including Betty Friedan, and Rev. Pauli Murray. ◦ The first African- American woman Episcopal priest. Betty Friedan became the organization's first president.

NOW (con’t.) The goal of NOW is to bring about equality for all women. They campaigned to gain passage of the ERA amendment at the state level. Issues NOW deals with: ◦ works to eliminate discrimination and harassment in the workplace, schools, and the justice system. ◦ secure abortion, birth control and reproductive rights for all women ◦ end all forms of violence against women ◦ eradicate racism, sexism and homophobia ◦ promote equality and justice in society.

Rachel Carson Wrote the controversial book, Silent Spring It says that pesticides are destroying wildlife and endangering humanity. May 27 th, April 14 th, 1964

Betty Friedan Wrote the book, Feminine Mystique in In her book, she depicted the roles of women in industrial societies. ◦ She focused most of her attention on the housewife role of women. She referred to the problem of gender roles as "the problem without a name". The book became a bestseller and was the cause for the second wave of feminism in the 60s. Feb. 4th, Feb. 4th, 2006

The problem that has no name–which is simply the fact that American women are kept from growing to their full human capacities–is taking a far greater toll on the physical and mental health of our country than any known disease. -- Betty Friedan

Shirley Chisholm In 1968 Shirley Chisholm of New York was the first black woman elected to the House of Representatives. November 30, 1924 to January 1, 2005

First national Commission on the Status of Women President Kennedy established the first national Commission on the Status of Women in In 1963 the commission issued a report detailing employment discrimination, unequal pay, legal inequality, and insufficient support services for working women.

Equal Pay Act 1963 It is the first federal law prohibiting sexual discrimination. In 1963 the average female worker’s wages in the United States were equivalent to 58.9 % of the average male worker’s earnings. It abolished wage differences based on sex. ◦ “No employer having employees subject to any provisions of this section [section 206 of title 29 of the United States Code] shall discriminate, within any establishment in which such employees are employed, between employees on the basis of sex by paying wages to employees in such establishment at a rate less than the rate at which he pays wages to employees of the opposite sex in such establishment for equal work on jobs…” -- Equal Pay Act

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 Passed in It banned discrimination on the basis of color, race, national origin, religion, or sex. Section VII set up the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) to enforce the act.

Presidential Executive Order It was signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson on September 24 th, 1965 It prohibited bias against women in hiring by federal government contractors. “…Prohibits federal contractors and federally assisted construction contractors and subcontractors, who do over $10,000 in Government business in one year from discriminating in employment decisions on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin."

Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) Estelle Griswold was the executive director of Planned Parenthood League. The case involved a Connecticut law that prohibited the use of contraceptives. Ruled that the Constitution protected a right to privacy. Found that Connecticut should allow married couples to use birth control. Chief Justice Earl Warren (top), Estelle Griswold (right)

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Works Cited HAPStudentProjects/WomensMovement1 920sAnd1960s-PaigeZ.ppt Paige Z. Ahap KLM Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

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