 Learning Goal: I can identify important materials mined by Canadians; I can differentiate between common mining types.

 Mining Literacy Reading Mining Literacy Reading  Types of MiningMining

Strip Mining  Used for extracting minerals located in horizontal layers. Examples: oil sands and coal  Overburden is removed (trees, rocks)  Blast apart horizontal layers  Ore is collected and sent for processing

Open Pit Mining  Used to extract minerals that are near the surface but extend deep into the earth  Overburden is removed  Blast apart several layers of earth/rock to create deep pits  Ore is collected and sent for processing

Some mines can be seen from spacespace

A digging wheel at work.

A digging wheel close- up. Bigger size = greater efficiency, right?!

Underground Mining  Used to collect minerals deep in the earth  Rock is blasted apart in the earth  Ore is collected and crushed into ‘muck’  Muck is hoisted to the surface where it is processed

Wire mesh to prevent loose rocks from falling.

A scooptram at work.

To the Last Drop: Canada’s Dirty Oil Sands In your notes complete the organizer below; Discussion: How should/could Canada operate knowing what we do about the impacts the Oil Sands have on a regional and global level? Positive Result from Alberta's Oil Sands Negative Impacts from Alberta’s Oil Sands Positive Result from Alberta's Oil Sands Negative Impacts from Alberta’s Oil Sands - Economic-People’s health (cancer rates are high) -Aboriginal Land damaged -Water damaged - environmental -Land damaged – environmental -Animals have genetic defects

The day you waited for is finally here. Mr. Meyer was just elected as the new Prime Minister of Canada as part of the Liberal party. One of the first problems Mr. Meyer would like to tackle is this oil sands issue. While the oil sands provide a strong economy to the province of Alberta and Canada as a whole, there are serious health and environmental impacts. Mr. Meyer has hired you as part of his environmental team to develop an action plan for dealing with this issue. In a group of 3-4 people develop an action plan that addresses the economic needs of the province and Canada while also minimizing health and environmental impacts. Remember that you were hired by Mr. Meyer, so long as your action plan is reasonable, any new laws created SHOULD be backed by Parliament. Use the textbook, your knowledge of the issue, and your cell phone to determine a possible action plan for dealing with the oil sands issue. How can Canada still make money AND keep health and environmental issues to a minimum?

1.Negative Impact on the Environment 2. Abandoned Mines: What happens to the land after an ore body runs out and a mine closes? 3. Loss of Jobs: About 50% of the minerals mined in Canada are exported before any processing is done.

4. Exhausting the Supply 5. Staying Competitive: In order to compete with other countries, we must start lowering our production costs and processing our minerals at a lower cost. 6. Boom-Bust Towns: Towns must diversify in order to stay alive after a mine closes.

 Read Chapter 26 (Yes, all of it!!!! Starts on page 326 – you CAN do it) 1. How do federal and provincial governments help the mining industry in Canada? (It is in the chapter! Find it) 2. Describe the role of a geologist. 3. Briefly describe how metallic minerals are processed. 4. Explain 3 issues facing Canada’s mining industry. (Page 338 is a good place to look) 5. Complete page 337 #5, 6, 9 and page 341 #1, 2

 It has been suggested that garbage from a southern Canadian city be disposed of in abandoned mines in the north. Construct a graphic organizer listing the good points and bad points of this plan Pros of Garbage in a MineCons of Garbage in a Mine