SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES IN NEONATE

GROSS MOTOR Prone Turns head to one side, hip flexed, knees under abdomen, elbows flexed, hands fisted Supine Tonic neck reflex present when head turned to one side, limbs on that side are extended and opposite side flexed (fencing posture) Pulled to Sit Marked head lag; placing and walking reflex present Palmer and plantar grasp reflexes are present Ventral Suspension Head and hips are flexed and limbs hang downward

FINE MOTOR AND VISION Pupils react to lightOptical closure from sudden bright lightDoll’s eye reflex presentEyes and head turn to diffuse light

HEARING AND SPEECH Cries vigorouslyBecomes alert in response to voiceStartle reaction to sudden loud noiseEyes often “Corner” reflexly in direction of sound sourceEngages in vocalization

SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR Sleeps most of the timeRooting, sucking and swallowing reflexes are presentHands normally closedSocial smile (4-6 weeks) i.e., smiles spontaneouslyRecognizes presentsDrops toys

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES AT SIX MONTHS OF LIFE

GROSS MOTORS Supine Lifts head from pillows, lifts legs to vertical (5 months) and grasps feet (5 months) Prone Lifts head and chest well up supporting weight on extended arms Pulled to Sit Stretches out arm and raises head in anticipation Sits with support with back straight Can roll over prone to supine (5 months) and supine to prone (6 months) Held Standing Takes weight on extended legs Downward parachute reflex present (5 months)

FINE MOTOR AND VISION Reaches with one handFollows dangling ball in all directionsBoth eyes move in unisonUse whole hand as palmer graspTransfers objects from one hand to other in midline

HEARING AND SPEECH Vocalizes tunefully in single or double syllables, e.g. goo, dah, ah-ah etc Responds to hearing test at one foot on ear levelShouts to attract attention

SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR Takes everything to mouthRegards hand and feet and plays with themDelighted response to active playStill can live alone for a short periodImitates bye-byeIs inhibited by the word no

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES AT NINE MONTHS OF LIFE

GROSS MOTOR Can sit without support (8 months) and reach for toy in front (9 months) and pivots to reach toy behind (10 months) Pulls to stand (10 months) bolding on to furniture but falls with a bump Can crawl (10 months)Forward parachute obtained from 7 months

FINE MOTOR AND VISION Visually alert to peripheral visionsPokes at pellet with index finger Grasps string (or pick up pellet) between index finger and thumb (scissors fashion) Watches rolling ball at ten feetDrops an object and looks at fallen objectUncovers toy (after seeing it hidden)

HEARING AND SPEECH Localizes sounds above or below ear level at feet Babbles in long repetitive “string” of syllables (baba, dad-dad, agaga) Imitates adult playful sounds

SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR Hold, bites and chews a biscuitFear of strangers present (7 months onwards)Plays peek-a-boo and imitates hand clappingGrasps bell by handle and rings in imitationFinds toy, which is partially hidden Follows one-step verbal commands, e.g. “come here”, “give it me”

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES AT TWEVE MONTHS OF LIFE

GROSS MOTOR Can walk holding on to furniture (11 months) and walks with one hand held (12 months) Walks like a bear

FINE MOTOR AND VISION Picks up pellet with finger and thumb i.e., pincer gasp (10 months) Looks for hidden and fallen toys (10 months)Watches small toy pulled across room at 10 feetHolds two cubes and clicks together in imitationTurns pages of the booksReleases cube into cup after demonstrationTries to build a tower of 2 cubes

HEARING AND SPEECH Knows and immediately turns to own nameSpeaks first real wordSays 2-3 words (bab, amma)Knows 5-6 wordsLocalizes sound in a midline above head

SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR Drinks from cup with little assistanceHelps while dressing by holding out armWaves “bye-bye”, and plays “pat-a-cake”Quickly finds toy hidden before his eyesGives toys on requestPoints to desired objects

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES AT THREE YEARS OF LIFE

GROSS MOTOR Walks upstairs with alternating feet and downstairs both feet per step Can walk on tiptoeStands momentarily on one footRides tricycle using pedals

FINE MOTOR AND VISION Builds tower of 9-10 cubesBuilds several bridges from a modelCopies a circle

SPEECH AND HEARING Gives full name and knows his/her age and sexKnows several nursery rhythmsCounts upto 10 or moreCounts 3 objects correctly

SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR Washes and dries hand under supervision Can pull pants down and up but unable to button (dresses with supervision) Dry by night (toilet trained)Enjoy floor play with dolls, cars, bricks, etc.

DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES AT FIVE YEARS OF LIFE

GROSS MOTOR Hops and skips on one footWalks on a straight lineRuns up and downstairsStands on one foot with folded armsCan catch a ball

HEARING AND SPEECH Gives full name, age and birthdayLoves to listen storiesDefines correct nouns by useName four colours