Carolingian Dynasty and The Vikings Unit 12
Origins? Franks (German barbarians) Clovis: Merovingian -Defeated the Gauls and other German tribes – Became a Christian!
Charles Martel Fought for and won control after death of father Clovis
Charles Martel Fought for and won control after death of father Clovis “Charles the Hammer” United Franks to defend against the Muslims
Successors of Charles Martel Pepin First heir to Carolingian Sons ruled after him: Carloman & Charlemagne
Charlemagne
Empire: conquests
Charlemagne Combined France with Germany Italy and the Netherlands Supported the church (forced those defeated to convert or die!) 800: Pope Leo III made him Holy Roman Emperor
Title Holy Roman Emperor Protection from pope Didn’t thrill other Christian Kingdoms Acknowledged his domination of Europe
Administration Autocracy – Missi domini: Team of 2: one secular one church – Capitularies: these rulings tell a lot about agriculture, life and industry (hint: leaning toward feudalism)
Love of Education Illiterate himself, he followed Carolingian tradition of having intellectual court: Scholars at Aachen: – Paul the deacon: Italy – Theodolphus: German – Alcuin: Saxon monk, started schools
Carolingian Renaissance
Division of Empire
Threats to the empire
Northmen “From the fury of the Northmen, good Lord, deliver us!” – Prayer in litany of 9 th century Monks
Vikings Pirates from the Scandanavian Penninsula and surrounding areas – Good seamen – First sheltered from Romans by the sea – Then the sea provided route to plunder Europe
Longboats Features
Longboats Features – Open – Flat bottomed – Makes for quick raid ability
Viking incursions (red) In general -Norwegians: went westward -
Viking incursions (red) In general -Norwegians: went westward -Danes: British Isles
Viking incursions (red) In general -Norwegians: went westward -Danes: British Isles -Swedes: Russia
In Europe
In England
In Russia
Pros and Cons ProsCons
Pros and Cons ProsCons Plundered riches of medieval Europe
Pros and Cons ProsCons Plundered riches of medieval Europe Destroyed monastic learning centers
Pros and Cons ProsCons Helped to define European nationality by paving the way for 1)Unified England 2)The nations of France and Germany Were able to assimilate into culture and add “vigorous blood” to those societies Interested in Trade, revitilization of commerce! Plundered riches of medieval Europe Destroyed monastic learning centers
Vikings Get a good rap!