Presented by Art Jordan Washington State’s Search and Rescue Volunteers Helping Others – Saving Lives Part Two Presented by Art Jordan President of the Search & Rescue Volunteer Advisory Council of Washington State and Senior Coordinator for Cowlitz County SAR Prepared with assistance from Rick Hood of Navigation Northwest Selected materials from ERI-International slide library. All team photos, logo, and information by/from acknowledged unit links at www.wa-sar.net, unless otherwise noted.

Man Tracker Examples One dedicated mantracking team

Dive/Swiftwater Rescue Examples Seven Dive Rescue Units Lewis Co. Dive Rescue San Juan Co. Dive Rescue

Mountain Rescue Examples Nine Dedicated Units Skagit Mountain Rescue Central Washington MRA

Explorer Search and Rescue Six ESAR Teams Skagit ESAR King Co. ESAR Pierce Co ESAR

Twenty-three Joint SAR Teams Joint SAR Examples Twenty-three Joint SAR Teams Lewis County Teams

Some Additional Team/Examples Three Dedicated Mounted Units Dedicated Air Search Units Northwest Horseback Search and Rescue Twelve Dedicated Communication Units

To Obtain SAR Resources Following protocols serve all well In county Responsible Law Enforcement Dept / DEM Out-of-County County DEM / State EMD Do Avoid contacting individual out-of-county teams for missions directly, but... Consider contacting other teams and agencies for familiarizing and training opportunities.

King County ESAR Example 53 Missions Logged in 2000 Including... July 13: John Wayne (Iron Horse) Trail    “While hiking a railroad grade off of the John Wayne / Iron Horse Trail, a hiker fell on his hip and could not make it out. ESAR responded with the Snoqualmie Fire Department (volunteer), and helped the subject to the road.” (www.kcesar.org/gmission00.shtml)

CCSAR 2/01 Evidence Search Mission Example © CCSAR photos

Key Issues for SAR T.E.A.M.S. Training Equipment Access to Facilities Membership Support from Others

Equipment Volunteer normally have to pay for their own equipment. Teams generally have to pay for their team equipment. Some support from the Sheriff’s Office, DEM is available and is greatly appreciated. Many teams seek grants and conduct fundraisers.

Training Essential to perform as we and the public expects. Costly. Non-paid, but professional in all cases at all times Costly. Dollars and hours Larger counties and teams open training to other SAR groups at little or no cost, when possible. Quality training often requires outside or paid instructors. Regardless, the cost of not training or maintaining level of performance is unacceptable.

Training Specifics WAC 118-04 Requirements Team Standards County Standards SARVAC Guidelines National Guidelines

Washington State SAR Conference Training Examples Lewis County 2000 Conference

General Search Procedures Information and Resource Management (ICS) Investigation* ID Initial Planning Point Confinement / containment Passive searching Active searching General and specialized hasty teams Area or route searching * ongoing throughout search Some of the “Science of Search”

Interagency Coordination Is Critical The level of care expected by the public...is higher than ever before. The trend in search management is towards interagency mutual aid agreements, central resource coordination points, and greater utilization of highly trained, specialized resources. Some of the “Science of Search”

Categories of Lost Subjects as per William G. Syrotuck, 1977 Children – different age groups 1 to 3 / 3 to 6 / 6 to 12 Elderly Despondent Hunter Fisherman Hiker / backpacker Climber Photographer Berry picker How many more? Some of the “Science of Search”

A Search Approach (An Overview of Probability of Success) Probability of Area Probability of Detection x = 15% 50% POS = x 25% 90% Some of the “Science of Search”

Four Methods of Establishing the Search Area 4 1 2 3 • Theoretical Statistical Subjective Deductive Reasoning Some of the “Science of Search”

To Search One Square Mile* POD Spacing Searchers X Hours = Total Searcher Hours 50% 100 foot 53 3.5 = 185.5 70% 60 foot 88 308 90% 20 foot 264 924 Some of the “Science of Search”

Some of the “Science of Search” Searcher Fatigue Searchers are most effective during the first four hours. Thus many trained searchers are often needed to effect a timely response. Some of the “Science of Search”

A New Search Tool – Critical Separation 100% % Chance Distance where can just see intended object in similar conditions Distance Critical Spacing = 1 = POD of 50% + Some of the “Science of Search”

Thanks For Listening © CCSAR photos

Final Thoughts We want to work with you and your agency Link, learn, & leverage For more information, please visit/contact: http://wasar.bizland.com www.wa.gov/wsem/2-ops/sar/sar-idx.htm www.wa-sar.net & associated links www.sarinfo.bc.ca asjordan@kalama.com C.Long@emd.wa.gov rick@hoodcs.com Together we can achieve even more