Bangkok Office Asia and Pacific Regional Bureau for Education United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Drivers of Change and Shifting Trends in Education in Southeast Asia Society and Culture Ushio Miura Programme Specialist, Education Policy and Reform Unit, UNESCO Bangkok SEAMEO Consultation and Workshop on Post-2015 Education Scenarios and Post-EFA Education Agenda in Southeast Asia 28-30 January 2014, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Some Milestones So Far Asia-Pacific Expert Meeting Towards EFA 2015 and Beyond Shaping a New Vision for Education Asia-Pacific Expert Meeting Beyond 2015 Rethinking Learning in a Changing World Asia-Pacific Expert Meeting Beyond 2015 Transforming Teaching and Learning Asia-Pacific Consultation on Education Global Consultation on Education UNESCO General Conference May June July March May 2012 November 2012 February 2013 October November High-Level Panel Report UN Secretary- General’s Report SDSN Report The World We Want global consultations Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals

Diversity Change

Language Diversity Country Number of Languages Brunei Darussalam 15 Cambodia 24 Indonesia 719 Lao PDR 86 Malaysia 140 Myanmar 117 Philippines 185 Singapore Thailand 76 Timor-Leste 20 Vietnam 110 Source : SIL International(2003), Available at http://www.ethnologue.com/world-region/south-eastern-asia

<Origin and destination of international migrants, circa 2000> Mobility & Migration <Origin and destination of international migrants, circa 2000> Source: IOM (2012) ‘Global estimates and trends’, Facts and figures. Available at: http://www.iom.int/jahia/Jahia/about-migration/facts-and-figures/lang/en; UNDP (2009) Human Development Report 2009 – Overcoming barriers: Human Mobility and development.

Population Projections (absolute numbers), 1950-2100 Demographic Changes Population Projections (absolute numbers), 1950-2100 Source: UN-DESA Population Division (2011)

Demographic Changes (0-14) (%) Source: UN ESCAP (2011), Statistical Yearbook for Asia and the Pacific Available at www.unescap.org/stat/datat/syb2012.

Implications for Education Emerging trends The need for Rapid, dynamic economic growth More middle and high-income countries Regional integration (e.g. ASEAN Economic Community) Technological advances Changing economic and labour structures Shifting geo-politics Changing population dynamics Pressures on natural resources Environmental degradation and disasters Conflicts Education systems to adapt ‘Transversal’ and 21st century skills Lifelong learning to support learners to continue to explore and master new skills throughout life Training also for non-existing jobs Preparing students for migration Learning beyond the classroom e.g. via ICTs Various pathways to learning Leveraging cultures, value systems, languages and traditions

Shifts in approaches to teaching and learning in Asia-Pacific From teacher-centred approaches to learner-centred approaches. From examination oriented teaching and learning to whole person development. From textbook dominated classrooms to multi-media/source/method learning environment. From subject-based knowledge only to the inclusion of skills for life and lifelong learning. From national relevance only to local and global relevance also. From uniformity to diversity. Regional High-Level Expert Meeting Beyond 2015: Transforming Teaching and Learning in the Asia-Pacific Region Outcome Statement, http://www.unescobkk.org/fileadmin/user_upload/epr/ERF/Conference_docs/Expert_Meeting_Oct_2013/Outcome_statement_of_Part_A_of_the_Meeting.pdf

Asia and the Pacific Regional Consultation on Education in the Post-2015 Development Agenda Key Messages Lifelong learning should be considered a key, guiding principle. Equitable and inclusive access to quality learning should be ensured for all at all levels. Education systems should enable all children, young people and adults to participate actively and responsibly in their communities and in the interconnected and globalizing world.

UNESCO General Conference on Education Post-2015 Key Concepts Access Equity Quality Lifelong Learning

Global Citizenship Education “Global citizenship education aims to empower learners to engage and assume active roles both locally and globally to face and resolve global challenges and ultimately to become proactive contributors to a more just, peaceful, tolerant, inclusive, secure and sustainable world.” Global Citizenship Education: An Emerging Perspective http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0022/002241/224115E.pdf UNESCO International Forum on Global Citizenship Education: Preparing learners for the challenges of the 21st Century, Bangkok, 2-4 Dec. 2013 Cross-country study analyzing how countries in the Asia-Pacific region are promoting the concepts of peace and diversity through their education systems, 2014

Education for Sustainable Development World Conference on Education for Sustainable Development Aichi-Nagoya, Japan, 10-12 November 2014 Stakeholder Meetings Okayama, Japan, 4-8 November 2014 http://www.unesco.org/new/en/unesco-world-conference-on-esd-2014/ UNertia campaign http://joinunertia.org/

Transversal Competencies/ 21st Century Skills Research into integrating transversal competencies in education policy and practice (http://www.unescobkk.org/education/epr/epr-partnerships/eri-net/eri-net-seminar-2013-oct/) Regional/comparative research study on assessment of transversal competencies Policy workshop on good practices in assessment of transferable skills in TVET with SEAMEO VOCTECH, March 2014 (tentatively)

Inclusive Education http://www.unescobkk.org/education/inclusive-education/resources/ilfe-toolkit/ http://www.unescobkk.org/resources/e-library/publications/article/promoting-inclusive-teacher-education/

Multilingual Education International Conference on Language and Education: Multilingual Education for All in Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok, 6-8 Nov 2013 http://www.lc.mahidol.ac.th/mleconf2013/program.htm Why Language Matters http://www.unescobkk.org/resources/e-library/publications/article/why-language-matters-for-the-millennium-development-goals-1/ International Mother Language Day 21 February 2014

Flexible Learning Strategies http://www.unescobkk.org/resources/e-library/publications/article/flexible-learning-strategies-for-out-of-school-children-and-youth-brochure http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0022/002233/223325E.pdf