The President of the United States has a role in all three branches of government: he can suggest policy to Congress and he must also approve any policy which Congress presents to him; he is head of the Executive ; and he can appoint judges to the Supreme Court.CongressSupreme Court But his will is not guaranteed in any of these situations.

But his will is not guaranteed in any of these situations.

Presidents are elected for periods or "terms" of four years. A president can only be elected to office twice, which means one person can only be in office for a maximum of eight years. (Constitutional Amendment 22) WHY???????

Although it is commonly upheld that, as part of the American dream, anyone can become president, this is not entirely true. There are conditions. He or she must be: a natural born citizen; at least thirty-five years old and have lived in the USA for at least fourteen years before taking office. To date, every American president has been male and white. It also helps to be rich. Every presidential candidate has to raise millions of dollars to fund their state and national campaigns.

Significantly, the main candidates raise most of their campaign finance from private donations. President Bush spent 306 million dollars during the 2004 campaign from a total raised by his supporters of 360 million. John Kerry, his Democratic rival for the job, raised 241 million dollars.

Task 1.Name the Branches of Government that the President is involved in? 2.Explain how often a President is elected for? 3.What type of person is most likely to become the President? Explain 4.Why might this now be different?

It is very difficult to remove a president from office. The process by which Congress may remove presidents is known as impeachment. Three presidents have faced impeachment: Richard Nixon avoided it by resigning; Andrew Johnson was saved by one vote in the Senate; and Bill Clinton was acquitted. Is this a Strength or Weakness?

Example In his address in February 2005, President Bush laid down his policy ideas on immigration, “America's immigration system is also outdated - unsuited to the needs of our economy and to the values of our country. We should not be content with laws that punish hardworking people who want only to provide for their families, and deny businesses willing workers, and invite chaos at our border. It is time for an immigration policy that permits temporary guest workers to fill jobs Americans will not take, rejects amnesty, tells us who is entering and leaving our country and closes the border to drug dealers and terrorists.”

The President can overrule Acts of Congress by using his veto. If he does choose to veto an Act, it cannot become law unless the veto is then overruled by a two-thirds majority in both houses of Congress, the Senate and the House of Representatives.

The President's power of veto can be used to prevent legislation he opposes, or to force Congress to modify proposed new legislation before it reaches him.

Example George W Bush had given his support to the Liability Bill but warned that he would Veto it if any amendment was introduced, saying he wanted this bill to cover one single issue only. In 2004 a federal law, sometimes called the Liability Bill, was proposed. This was designed to protect companies involved in the manufacture or sale of guns and would have meant that these companies could not be held responsible for their illegal use. Victims of gun crime would not be able make claims against them.

Pocket Veto The president can use another tool when the legislative session is nearing an end. If a president does not sign a bill within ten days of receiving it, the bill automatically becomes law. However, if a president is presented with a bill in the last ten days of a session and chooses to ignore it, the bill fails.

The presidency is the executive office of the US government. (Article Two of the Constitution). This means, among other things, that he has the authority to ensure that all laws are put into action. The power of patronage is important here. The president can appoint the people employed to carry out orders, plans and laws, known as executive officers. This reinforces his influence since he can choose people who are sympathetic to his own goals. The president is commander in chief of all armed forces in the United States. He is also head of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA); the National Security Council (NSC) and the National Security Agency (NSA) ; and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). The diplomatic role of the president includes making treaties with other countries and recognising foreign nations and their ambassadors.

The President is head of the court system and its judges. His authority includes being able to grant pardon to someone who has committed a crime which violates federal law. The president appoints Supreme Court judges. Example Appointment of Supreme Court judges is not always straightforward. In 2004, George W Bush nominated Harriet Miers but she was obliged to step down when conservative Republicans refused to support her nomination. His subsequent nomination of Samuel Alito was also controversial, with some Democrats voicing concerns about his suitability.

If the President is head of the Court System how can his Powers be checked??

The president appoints Supreme Court judges. Example Appointment of Supreme Court judges is not always straightforward. In 2004, George W Bush nominated Harriet Miers but she was obliged to step down when conservative Republicans refused to support her nomination. His subsequent nomination of Samuel Alito was also controversial, with some Democrats voicing concerns about his suitability.

Task Using the information given, write a detailed plan of the following essay: Critically examine the view that the Presidents powers are not limited by the other branches of government. (15 marks)