Created by Article II of the Constitution QUALIFICATIONS PRESIDENTIAL ROLES PRESIDENTIAL POWERS THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH Created by Article II of the Constitution EXECUTIVE OFFICES VICE PRESIDENTS DUTIES PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION

PRESIDENTIAL QUALIFICATIONS TO BE THE PRESIDENT YOU MUST FILL ALLOF THE FORMAL REQUIREMENTS. AGE 35 CITIZENSHIP NATURAL BORN U.S. CITIZEN RESIDENCY HAVE LIVED IN THE U.S. AT LEAST 14 YEARS

POWERS OF THE PRESIDENT MILITARY POWERS EXECUTIVE POWERS LEGISLATIVE POWERS DIPLOMATIC POWERS JUDICIAL POWERS

EXECUTIVE POWERS EXECUTIVE POWERS ARE THOSE POWERS THE PRESIDENT HAS AND USES TO MAKE SURE THAT FEDERAL LAW IS CARRIED OUT. THEY INCLUDE: EXECUTING THE LAW APPOINTING POWER ORDINANCE POWER REMOVAL POWER

EXECUTING THE LAW THE PRESIDENT HAS THE JOB, RESPONSIBILITY AND DUTY TO MAKE SURE THAT ALL LAWS ARE ENFORCED AND ADMINISTERED, AS PER THE CONSTITUTION: ARTICLE II, SECTION 1, CLAUSE 8 (THE PRESIDENTIAL OATH) ARTCLE II, SECTION 3, CALLED THE “TAKE CARE” POWER

The ORDINANCE POWER * The President has the power to issue executive orders. *An EXECUTIVE ORDER is a directive, rule, or regulation that has the effect of law. While the order is not an actual law, it is treated like one. *This power is given to the President from two sources: the Constitution and Congress.

THE APPOINTING POWER The President has the power to appoint nearly three million federal civilian employees. Once the President receives the consent of the Senate, he appoints most of the top-ranking officials in the Federal Government. SENATORIAL COURTESY – Presidential Appointments Need Appointees Home Senators Approval Some examples are: federal judges, cabinet members, heads of independent agencies, and officers of the military.

THE REMOVAL POWER *The President can remove anyone from office who he has appointed. *The only restriction on this power is that the President cannot remove Supreme Court Justices from the bench. *Three major reasons for removal are: inefficiency in office, neglect of duty, or inappropriate behavior.

POWER OF EXECUTIVE AGREEMENTS DIPLOMATIC POWERS THE PRESIDENTS DIPLOMATIC POWERS ARE AMONG HIS MOST POWERFUL. THEY INCLUDE: POWER TO MAKE TREATIES POWER OF EXECUTIVE AGREEMENTS POWER OF RECOGNITION

POWER TO MAKE TREATIES *treaty=formal agreement between two or more sovereign states *The President usually negotiates treaties through the Secretary of State. *The Senate must give approval for these international agreements with a 2/3 vote.

POWER OF EXECUTIVE AGREEMENTS Executive Agreements are like treaties in that they are agreements between the President and foreign leaders or their subordinates. They are different in that they do not require the approval of the Senate. They usually stem out of previous legislation, or a previous treaty.

THE POWER OF RECOGNITION *The President, representing the United States, acknowledges the legal existence of that country and its government. *This recognition is not permanent. It can change with revolutions or changes in government. *This recognition can make or break the survival of a new country.

MILITARY POWERS *During wartime, the President can make critical decisions that he feels is necessary for wartime AS COMMANDER AND CHIEF. *The President also has the power to send troops into combat, without approval by Congress. This is referred to as undeclared war. *Finally, the President can use troops for domestic peace within the United States.

LEGISLATIVE POWERS *The President possesses the power to submit OR RECOMMEND ideas to Congress. *The President gives a “State of the Union” address each year, where he presents ideas for new legislation to Congress. THE PRESIDENT ALSO HAS: THE POWER OF VETO *FINALLY THE PRESIDENT HAS THE POWER TO CALL SPECIAL SESSIONS OF CONGRESS IF A PRESSING MATTER OCCOURS.

THE POWER OF VETO *When a bill is presented to the President, he can do one of four things: 1. Sign it and pass the law, 2. Veto the law, 3. While Congress is in session, he can not touch the bill and it will pass in 10 days 4. Pocket veto, or while Congress is not in session, he can not touch the bill and it will not pass.

JUDICIAL POWERS ACCORDING TO ARTICLE II, SECTION 2, CLAUSE 1 THE PRESIDENT HAS THE POWER TO ISSUE: PARDON – ISSUED BY THE PRESIDENT IT IS LEGAL FORGIVENESS FOR A CRIME AMNESTY – ISSUED BY THE PRESIDENT IT IS A PARDON FOR A LARGE GROUP OF PEOPLE REPRIEVE – ISSUED BY THE PRESIDENT IT IS POSTPONING A SENTENCE COMMUTATION- ISSUED BY THE PRESIDENT IT IS A REDUCTION OF A SENTENCE

ROLES OF THE PRESIDENT CHIEF EXECUTIVE CHIEF DIPLOMAT CHIEF LEGISLATOR CITIZEN COMMANDER AND CHIEF CHIEF OF STATE CHIEF OF PARTY CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR

CHIEF EXECUTIVE This role of the President allows him to ensure that the laws of the nation are carried out fairly.

CHIEF DIPLOMAT This role of the President allows him to establish foreign policy with other nations.

CHIEF LEGISLATOR This role of the President allows him to submit ideas for new laws for the United States.

CHIEF CITIZEN This role of the President infers that he is the moral leader and figurehead of the United States.

CHIEF OF STATE This role of the President states that the President is the head of the national government.

CHIEF ADMINISTRATOR This role of the President states that the President is the “boss” of government employees.

COMMANDER AND CHIEF This role of the President allows him to command all United States military troops.

CHIEF OF PARTY This role of the President states that he is the informal leader of his political party.  

EXECUTIVE OFFICES “The President’s right arm”as it is referred to is the several offices that are staffed by the President’s closest advisors, and are designed to help the President make, and enforce policy. They include: NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET OFFICE OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC ADVISORS CABINET OTHERS

NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL The National Security Council is the President's principal forum for considering national security and foreign policy matters with his senior national security advisors and cabinet officials. Since its inception under President Truman, the function of the Council has been to advise and assist the President on national security and foreign policies. The Council also serves as the President's principal arm for coordinating these policies among various government agencies.

OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET OMB's predominant mission is to assist the President in overseeing the preparation of the federal budget and to supervise its administration in Executive Branch agencies. In addition, OMB oversees and coordinates the Administration's financial management, information, and regulatory policies.

OFFICE OF NATIONAL DRUG CONTROL POLICY The principal purpose of ONDCP is to establish policies, priorities, and objectives for the Nation's drug control program. The goals of the program are to reduce illicit drug use, manufacturing, and trafficking, drug-related crime and violence, and drug-related health consequences. To achieve these goals, the Director of ONDCP is charged with producing the National Drug Control Strategy. The Strategy directs the Nation's anti-drug efforts and establishes a program, a budget, and guidelines for cooperation among Federal, State, and local entities.                    

COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC ADVISORS The CEA was established by the Employment Act of 1946 to provide the President with objective economic analysis and advice on the development and implementation of a wide range of domestic and international economic policy issues.

CABINET The tradition of the Cabinet dates back to the beginnings of the Presidency itself. One of the principal purposes of the Cabinet (drawn from Article II, Section 2 of the Constitution) is to advise the President on any subject he may require relating to the duties of their respective offices. The Cabinet includes the Vice President and, by law, the heads of 15 executive departments-the Secretaries of Agriculture, Commerce, Defense, Education, Energy, Health and Human Services, Homeland Security, Housing and Urban Development, Interior, Labor, State, Transportation, Treasury, and Veterans Affairs, and the Attorney General.

OTHER OFFICES The other offices of the Executive Branch are as varied as they are in numbers. Some of the other areas include: Office of Policy Development - Advises President on domestic concerns National Space Council-Advises President on civil and military efforts in space Council on Environmental Quality- Aids the President on environmental policy matters. Office of U.S. Trade Representatives – Advises the President on matters of foreign trade. Office of Science and Technology- Advises on all scientific, engineering, and technology advances.

VICE PRESIDENTIAL DUTIES BY CONSTITUTION THE VICE PRESIDENT HAS ONLY TWO FORMAL DUTIES: PRESIDE OVER THE SENATE HELP DECIDE THE QUESTION OF PRESIDENTIAL DISABILITY PRESIDENTIAL DISABILITY IS WHEN THE PRESIDENT IS UNABLE TO CARRY OUT HIS DUTIES THE ONLY OTHER ASSUMED PURPOSE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT IS TO BE A PRESIDENT IN WAITING.

PRESIDENTIAL SUCCESSION IS THE ORDER IN WHICH INFERIOR OFFICERS CAN BE PROMOTED TO THE OFFICE OF PRESIDENT IN CASE OF A VACANCY. THE CURRENT SYSTEM WAS ESTABLISHED BY THE 25TH AMENDMENT AND CURRENTLY HAS 18 POSITIONS. HERE ARE THE FIRST 10. 1 VICE PRESIDENT 6 SECRETARY OF DEFENSE 2 SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE 7 ATTORNEY GENERAL 3 PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE 8 SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR 4 SECRETARY OF STATE 9 SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE 5 SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY 10 SECRETARY OF COMMERCE