Annelids Earthworms

Anatomy Vocabulary Anatomy – body partsAnatomy – body parts Body SystemsBody Systems – Digestive System, Nervous System, Circulatory System, Excretory System, Muscular System Crop – stores food before blenderCrop – stores food before blender Gizzard – like a small blenderGizzard – like a small blender Clitellum – reproductive organClitellum – reproductive organ RespirationRespiration – bringing gasses in and out of the body or cellular respiration

Annelids are Segmented Annelids are made of many small segments each with a similar anatomy. Segments allow for back-up incase of damage to another segment.

S TERNGRR What do animals synthesize? Proteins

S T ERNGRR What do worms need to transport around their bodies? How do worms transport things around their bodies? Oxygen, CO 2, nutrients

Closed Circulatory System vesselsWorms have two main vessels. One on the top and one on the bottom. They also have a connecting vessel in each segment. Several connecting veins near the head have pumping capabilities.

ST E RNGRR What do worms need to excrete from their bodies? Nitrogen Water Salts Solid waste CO 2

Excretory System Worms have a tiny little mini kidney in each segment. Each one passes wastes directly to the outside through the skin.

STE R NGRR What kind of respiration do worms do? Aerobic Cellular Respiration

Respiratory System Worms have no respiratory system. They breath through their moist skin by diffusion. It has to be moist. Is this an advantage or a disadvantage?

STER N GRR Worms are heterotrophs (consumers). Where do worms get their nutrients? Eat soil What is name for organisms that use the last bit of energy left in dead material and return the nutrients to the soil? Decomposers, mix soil, air into soil weird-worm-videos/ weird-worm-videos/

Digestive System Worms have a central tube that runs the length of the body. They do internal digestion. They have a mouth, throat, and a crop. Then the crop feeds food to the gizzard which grinds it and passes it to the intestine. The intestine absorbs and passes food to the vessels in each segment. The digestive track dumps out solid waste from the anus.

STERN G RR What type of cell division copies cells and allows organisms to grow? Mitosis Worms hatch from eggs and grow larger.

STERNG R R Worms are ectothermic. They have to be in the correct environment to maintain homeostasis. What can they do then? Move

Muscular System Under the skin is a layer of circular muscles. Muscles contract and relax in a pattern. Worms move in an undulating style. Tiny hairs under the body help to grab the ground.

STERNG R R How do they control their movement and other internal regulations? How do they sense their environment? Nervous system.

Nervous System Worms have a “head” with a brain. The brain surrounds the mouth area. There is a central nerve cord. Each segment has nerves that branch off the central cord. Why is it important to have a brain?

STERNGR R What is a hermaphrodite? Both sexes. What type of cell division produces gametes?

Reproductive System Can reproduce by sexual and asexual means. ClitellumThe Clitellum is a section of skin that makes a sac or cocoon for the fertilized eggs. During sexual reproduction both worms give sperm to the other’s clitellum. Can drop sections of the clitellum to do asexual reproduction.

Insects Grasshopper, Butterfly, & Beetle

Anatomy Vocabulary Body SystemsBody Systems – Digestive System, Nervous System, Circulatory System, Excretory System, Muscular System, Skeletal System, Respiratory System Spiracle – holes for air to enter. Tracheal Tubes – tubes that bring air from the spiracle to the inside of the body. Malpighian Tubules – tubes that filter the blood.

Insects Insects have semi complex body systems.

S TERNGRR What do animals synthesize? Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic Acids, Large Carbohydrates

S T ERNGRR What do insects need to transport around their bodies? How do insects transport things around their bodies? Oxygen, CO 2, nutrients

Open Circulatory System Insects have a primitive heart. The heart is a giant vessel at the top of the body. It pumps green blood. No veins.

ST E RNGRR What do insects need to excrete from their bodies? CO 2 Nitrogen Water Salts Solid waste

Excretory System Malpighian TubesInsects have two Malpighian Tubes. They filter the blood and pass urine to the digestive track. Why would it be a disadvantage to dump urine into the digestive track? It could get re-absorbed.

STE R NGRR What kind of respiration do insects do? Aerobic Cellular Respiration What kind of gas goes in? Oxygen What kind of gas goes out? Carbon Dioxide

Respiratory System tracheal systemInsects have a tracheal system. spiraclesTheir movements bring air into the spiracles. Tracheal tubesTracheal tubes bring air to the open circulatory system.

STER N GRR Insects are heterotrophs (consumers). Where do insects get their nutrients? Eat plants or insects What is the name for an organism that only eats producers? Herbivores What is a name for an organism that eats only consumers? Carnivores

Digestive System Mouth – specialized for chewing, sucking, or piercing. Simple digestive track to absorb nutrients.

STERN G RR Insects can grow and develop in two ways. Egg LarvaeLarvae PupaPupa Adult moltexoskeletonInsects molt their old exoskeleton and grow a new one. Egg NymphNymph Adult

eggs nymphswinged adult

STERNG R R ectothermicInsects are ectothermic. They have to be in the correct environment to maintain homeostasis. What must do? Move

Muscular Skeletal System exoskeletonInsects have muscles and an exoskeleton that work together for movement. Muscles don’t push. Two work in opposite directions.

STERNG R R How do they control their movement and other internal regulations? How do they sense their environment? Nervous system Five senses.

Nervous System Insects have a brain. Insects have a nerve net that branches from two central nerves that run on the belly. antennaeInsects have antennae for smelling and touching the environment. simple eyescompound eyesInsects have simple eyes and compound eyes.

STERNGR R Insects lay eggs. Most do sexual reproduction but a few can do asexual reproduction by budding. Can be internal or external fertilization.

Damsel Fly Mating Fireflies Bedbug Praying Mantis Bee Fly