Survey of the Universe Tom Burbine

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Classification of Stellar Spectra Late 1800s: first high-quality spectral measurements of stars What are the main features – and how to classify them?

Advertisements

Stars Flux and Luminosity Brightness of stars and the magnitude scale Absolute magnitude and luminosity Distance modulus Temperature vs heat Temperature.

Chapter 4: Light Discuss why the sky is blue, sunset, rainbows

Problem 1 If the wavelength is 5.00 x 10¯ 7 m, determine the frequency of this light. Also name the area on the electromagnetic spectra that contains this.

Ch. 6 & 7 Review Light, Telescopes, & Spectroscopy.

Let’s review some important things we want to know about stars… Given enough time and information, we can figure out their… Brightness - easily observed.

12.1 Notes Stars. What are Stars? A Star is a large ball of gas that emits energy Mostly composed of hydrogen and helium. Energy starts at the core. Sketch.

Announcements Observing on the roof of Van Allen Hall has started and will run Tuesday to Thursday from 9-11 pm this week. The first hour exam will be.

Stellar Temperatures Wien’s law works perfectly for objects with Planck spectra. Stars don’t quite have Planck-like spectra. UV Blue Green Red Infrared.

Announcements Comet SWAN! Vega West. Classifying the Stars 27 October 2006.

Stars were originally classified according to their spectra (strength = width of their absorption lines) either from a purely observational perspective.

Chapter 14 Surveying the Stars. Luminosity and Apparent Brightness.

This Set of Slides This set of slides covers finding distance in space, parallax review and limitations, some more physics (of light), the Inverse Square.

© 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Addison-Wesley Light Spectra of Stars: Temperature determines the spectrum. Temperature Determines: 1. the.

ASTR100 (Spring 2008) Introduction to Astronomy Properties of Stars Prof. D.C. Richardson Sections

Atoms and Starlight Chapter 6. Color and Temperature Orion Betelgeuze Rigel Stars appear in different colors, from blue (like Rigel) via green / yellow.

Chapter 11 Surveying the Stars Properties of Stars First let see how we measure three of the most fundamental properties of stars: 1.Luminosity.

Guiding Questions How far away are the stars?

Announcements Star Assignment 4, due Monday March 22 ÜDo Angel quiz, Quiz 2: Monday March 22 Light, Planets, Sun, Observations of stars Chapters 6.4-5,

Astronomy 100 Tuesday, Thursday 2:30 - 3:45 pm Tom Burbine

Surveying the Stars.

Chapter 11 Surveying the Stars Properties of Stars Our goals for learning: How do we measure stellar luminosities? How do we measure stellar temperatures?

Astronomy Temperature, Luminosity, & H-R Diagram.

Stellar Spectra AST 112 Lecture 7.

The Cosmic Messenger Electric and magnetic fields oscillate together, but perpendicular to each other and the electromagnetic wave moves in a direction.

Surveying the Stars Insert TCP 5e Chapter 15 Opener.

Stellar Radiation.  Where do stars get their energy?  Energy from stars can be understood using Einstein’s famous equation E=mc 2  The product of the.

Units to cover: 53, 26, 27, 55, 56. The Solar Cycle The number of sunspots seen increases and decreases periodically. Every 11 years or so, the sunspot.

Stellar Spectra Colors/spectra of stars Classifying stars Photons Atomic structure Elements in stars Masses of stars Mass-luminosity relation Reading:

Spectroscopy – the study of the colors of light (the spectrum) given off by luminous objects. Stars have absorption lines at different wavelengths where.

What Can Spectroscopy Tell Us?. Atom or Molecular Fingerprints Every atom or molecule exists in its own unique energy state. This energy state is dependent.

Lecture 9 Stellar Spectra

Chapter 11 Surveying the Stars Properties of Stars Our Goals for Learning How luminous are stars? How hot are stars? How massive are stars?

Atoms & Light (Spectroscopy). Blackbody Radiation A. Blackbody = a hot solid, hot liquid, or hot high density gas that emits light over a range of frequencies.

Surveying the Stars. Properties of Stars Our goals for learning How do we measure stellar luminosities? How do we measure stellar temperatures? How do.

1. range. II-3. Stellar Spectra and Temperature (Main Ref.: Lecture notes; FK Ch. 5, Sec. 17-4, 17-5) II-3a. Electromagnetic (em) Radiation - Review (Main.

Chapter 11: Chapter 11: Characterizing Stars. How near is the closest star other than the Sun? How near is the closest star other than the Sun? Is the.

Chapter 15 Surveying the Stars Star in the Wikipedia.

Chapter 11 Surveying the Stars The brightness of a star depends on both distance and luminosity How luminous are stars?

Astronomy 101 The Solar System Tuesday, Thursday Tom Burbine

Classification of Stars – HR diagram Objectives: understand the differences between near and bright visible stars learn how to use the HR-diagram to classify.

Eclipsing Binaries. If the binary stars are eclipsing, then it is guaranteed that we are in the orbital plane. This means that the maximum radial velocity.

Chapter 11: Characterizing Stars

Different Types of Spectrums. Types of Spectrums Continuous Spectrum Emission Spectrum Absorption Spectrum All colors of the spectrum Are shown (some.

Chapter 11: Chapter 11: Characterizing Stars. How near is the closest star other than the Sun? How near is the closest star other than the Sun? Is the.

Introduction to Physical Science Monday, Wednesday, Thursday Tom Burbine

Survey of the Universe Tom Burbine

CHAPTER 10: THE STARS. S&T P Why do astronomers need to know the apparent brightness and luminosity of stars? The relationship between AB and.

Stars  Stars are the things you see most of in the night sky.  You already know all about the Sun, which is a pretty good example of an average star.

Astronomy Basic Properties of Stars. Kirchhoff’s Three Kinds of Spectra.

E2 Stellar radiation and stellar types

Chapter 15 Surveying the Stars

Announcements Quiz 6 due Monday – this covers stars, Chapter 10

Stars Stars are the things you see most of in the night sky.

NOTES: Spectral Class (Color-Temperature Class):

Stars Luminous gaseous celestial body – spherical in shape held by its own gravity.

Chapter 10: The Stars.

Stars! How do we know what we know about stars?

Questions 1 – 24: Due Wednesday, February 29, 5:00 pm.

Stars Stars are the things you see most of in the night sky.

Wien’s Law The Color and Temperature of Stars.

Wien’s Law The Color and Temperature of Stars.

Characteristics of Stars Chapter 3 Section 4 ISN p. 33

Basic Properties of Stars

Stars Stars are the things you see most of in the night sky.

Apparent λmax Actual λmax.

Black body radiation Why do objects have colour? Would this effect the light they emit if they were hot? What colour would a cold star be?

Stellar Classification

Spectral Star Analysis

Presentation transcript:

Survey of the Universe Tom Burbine

HW HW #4 and #5 are due this Wednesday

Stars have different colors

Surface Temperature Determine surface temperature by determining the wavelength where a star emits the maximum amount of radiation Surface temperature does not vary according to distance so easier to measure

1913

Who were these people? These were the women (called computers) who recorded, classified, and catalogued stellar spectra Were paid 25 cents a day Willamina Fleming ( ) classified stellar spectra according to the strength of their hydrogen lines Classified over 10,000 stars

Fleming’s classification A - strongest hydrogen lines B - slighter weaker lines C, D, E, … L, M, N O - weakest hydrogen lines lines

Annie Jump Cannon ( ) Cannon reordered the classification sequence by temperature and tossed out most of the classes She devised OBAFGKM

More information Each spectral type had 10 subclasses e.g., A0, A1, A2, … A9 in the order from the hottest to the coolest Cannon classified over 400,000 stars

OBAFGKM Oh Be A Fine Girl/Gal Kiss Me

absorption line - A dark feature in the spectrum of a star, formed by cooler gas in the star's outer layers (the photosphere) that absorbs radiation emitted by hotter gas below.

Any Questions?