Roots to Revolution The Difficulties Begin

Roots to Revolution Differences Create Tensions 1820: Federalists in power Allowed Anglo Americans to settle, receive land grants, open their own schools, bring slaves

Roots to Revolution Differences Create Tensions 1829: Centralists come to power Issued regulations to being states and provinces of Mexico under the authority of the National government Anglo Americans consider the regulations unfair and unsafe

Roots to Revolution Fredonia Revolt Haden Edwards (empresario) was permitted to settle 800 families in Nacogdoches When he got there, may people were already there with no clear titles to the land

Roots to Revolution Fredonia Revolt Benjamin Edwards (Haden’s brother) thought the only way to solve this problem to get their land was to declare the colony independent from Mexico December 5, 1826: Edwards led a small group to the Old Stone Fort proclaiming the creation of the “Republic of Fredonia”

Roots to Revolution Fredonia Revolt Fredonia Rebellion collapsed when the Mexican troops arrived, many of the rebels fled to the US Effect: Mexican officials became worried and sent Colonel Jose de las Piedras to Nacogdoches to prevent more uprisings

Roots to Revolution Mier y Teran Investigati ons General Mier y Teran was sent to Texas to investigate Mexico’s suspicion of Texas after the Fredonian Rebellion Mier y Teran Report: Expressed concern about the growing Anglo influence in East Texas Made clear if the Mexican government did not act, Texas would be “Lost forever” Effect: Law of April 6, 1830

Roots to Revolution Law of April 6, 1830 Stopped immigration from the US Suspended most empresario’s contracts that had not been completed Encouraged immigration of families from Mexico Set up forts Placed Customs Duty taxes on foreign made products

Roots to Revolution Law of April 6, 1830 Reaction to the Law of April 6, 1830 Anglo Americans considered this law unfair b/c many colonists had families in US wanting to come to Texas Texas depended on trade with US Significance: One of the first turning points between Texas and Mexico’s government

Roots to Revolution Rebellions

Roots to Revolution Settlers Protest at Anahuac Who: John Bradburn: Mexican official that followed all the laws ran a customs duty station at Anahuac What Bradburn arrested and imprisoned 2 lawyers (William B Travis and Patrick C. Jack) for interfering in his efforts to enforce the laws

Roots to Revolution Settlers protest at Anahuac Significance: A skirmish broke out when Texas citizens marched to Anahauc to get the prisoners released, but the Texans needed more fire power Colonists made camp at Turtle Bayou to wait for John Austin to get a cannon

Roots to Revolution Turtle Bayou Resolution While waiting, the colonists adopted a statement known as the Turtle Bayou Resolutions in June 1832 Turtle Bayou Resolution Denied they were rebelling Said they were supporting Santa Anna, who was leading a revolt against the Centralists President

Roots to Revolution Turtle Bayou Resolution Significance: Piedras arrived and released the prisoners and took Bradburn out of command Soldiers at Anahuac declared support for Santa Anna and joined his growing forces in Mexico

Roots to Revolution Clash at Velasco Before John Austin knew that the prisoners were set free, he tried to get his cannon across the Brazos river, but was stopped by Mexican officials. Battle of Velasco: Fight to get the cannon on to the ship Mexico ran out of ammunition Bitter loss on both sides

Roots to Revolution Clash at Velasco Meanwhile, Santa Anna supporters won, and Santa Anna began serving as president in the summer of 1832

Roots to Revolution Conventions of 1832 and 1833 Convention of 1832 When: Oct 1832 Why: called to discuss changes in Texas Who: 55 delegates Stephen F. Austin - president of the convention Where: San Felipe

Roots to Revolution Conventions of 1832 and 1833 What: Created document to ask Mexican government: They could be a separate Mexican State Permit Immigration from US Exemption for import taxes Improve educational facilities Better protection for Native Americans Land titles for East Texas settlers

Roots to Revolution Conventions of 1832 and 1833 Resolutions were sent to Mexico, but for some reason never presented to the Mexican government

Roots to Revolution Conventions of 1832 and 1833 Convention f 1833 When: April 1833 Why: Colonists still concerned about the situation in Texas Who: Mostly new delegates, including Sam Houston Where: San Felipe

Roots to Revolution Conventions of 1832 and 1833 What: Adopted Resolutions Adopted all the same resolutions as the first Added: Constitution for a Mexican State of Texas Stephen F. Austin took the resolutions to Mexico City

Roots to Revolution Increased Tensions

Roots to Revolution Austin’s trip to Mexico Austin gets stalled because of a Cholera epidemic was raging through the capital Austin wrote to San Antonio describing his difficulties and encouraging Texans to form their own state government

Roots to Revolution Austin’s trip to Mexico Nov 1833: Santa Anna met with Austin Santa Anna decided Repeal (do away with) the law restricting immigration Agreed to improve the court and postal system Denied their attempt for separate statehood

Roots to Revolution Austin’s trip to Mexico During Austin’s trip back, he was arrested for the letter he had sent to San Antonio With the help of political leader Musquiz, Austin was released from prison on Christmas Day 1834 Allowed to returned to Texas on in Sept 1835

Roots to Revolution Texas Calls for Consultation Consultation 1835 Why did they meet: Texans nervous about General Cos trying to imprison Texas residents for small uprising (Remember: SFA was still in Mexico until September 1, 1835) When: August 15, 1835 (Remember: SFA was still in Mexico until September 1, 1835) Where: Columbia

Roots to Revolution Texas Calls for Consultation Consultation 1835 Who was there: Peace Party- fearful, they didn’t want more trouble! War Party- favored an immediate declaration of independence from Mexico, even if this meant WAR.

Roots to Revolution Texas Calls for Consultati on dictator- When Austin arrived at the consultation he had become convinced that Santa Anna was coming a dictator- he urged the people to unite and get ready to fight “War is our only resource. There is no other remedy. We must defend our rights, ourselves, and our country by force of arms.” – S.F. Austin