Organelles in Cytoplasm: Ribosome Ribosomes –Small particles of _________ & ___________ –Make __________ following coded instructions from __________

Endoplasmic Reticulum Internal membrane that assembles parts of cell membrane & modifies some proteins Rough ER- ___________ ______________ –_______________ on surface make proteins –Proteins enter & get modified Smooth ER – –No ________________ = smooth

Golgi Apparatus Function- – Like a factory. Proteins came from Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum –Enzymes attach _________________ & ____________

Vacuoles & Lysosomes Vacuoles –saclike structures used for ___________ –plant cells have large central vacuole –Vesicles- Lysosomes –Small organelles filled with ________________ –breaks things down, "suicide sac”

Mitochondria in nearly all __________________ cells –Plants & animals Turns food into ____________ _________ (ATP) Structure – –Inner membrane ___________

Chloroplast In plants & other organisms –Not animals & fungi Function: photosynthesis Structure –Bound by 2 envelope membranes –Stacks of photosynthetic membranes chlorophyll

Organelle DNA Mitochondria & Chloroplasts contain some of their own DNA –Essential for normal function Theory- descendents of ancient prokaryotes –Formed relationship with eukaryotic cells –Mitochondrial DNA remnant of prokaryotic bacteria All or nearly all, Mitochondrial DNA inherited from ovum (egg)– used for DNA tests

Comparing Cells ProkaryotesEukaryotes

Plant cell Animal cell Comparing Cells

Plant Cell

Animal Cell

7-3 Movement Through the Membrane

Cell Membrane Cell membrane- __________ what _________ & _______ cell = Boundary!! –Takes in ______ & ________ –Eliminates waste from cell

Cell Membrane (cont) Lipid bilayer- –Gives cell tough, flexible structure Lipids= ________________ –Hydrophobic tails= –Hydrophillic heads=

Cell membrane (cont) Formation of lipid bilayer- phospholipids dissolve in water –hydrophilic “water loving” heads face _________ (outside cell) and ____________ (within cell) –Hydrophobic “water hating” tails face ___________________** * This creates the “bilayer “

Phospholids & Lipid Bilayer torial/cellmembranes/orient2.swf

Inside of cell (cytoplasm) Outside of cell Cell membrane Proteins Protein channel Lipid bilayer Carbohydrate chains Cell Membrane

Fluid Mosaic Model