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Cell Structures, Functions and Transport

Two Types of Cells Prokaryotic Eukaryotic

Prokaryotic Do not have structures surrounded by membranes Few internal structures One-celled organisms, Bacteria

Eukaryotic Contain organelles surrounded by membranes Most living organisms PlantAnimal

Intro to the Animal Cell

Cell Membrane Outer membrane of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell Double layer

Cytoplasm Gel-like mixture Surrounded by cell membrane Contains hereditary material

Section 7-2 Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Go to Section: Animal Cell Nucleus Nucleolus Cell Membrane Cytoplasm

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function 1. Nucleus Nickname: “The Control Center” Function: holds the DNA 1. Nucleolus Spherical body in the nucleus of the cell containing RNA and produces ribosomes

Section 7-2 Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Go to Section: Animal Cell Nucleus Nucleolus Ribosomes Cell Membrane Cytoplasm

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function 2. Ribosomes Function: makes proteins Found in all cells, prokaryotic and eukaryotic

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function 3. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Nickname: “Roads” Function: The internal delivery system of the cell

Section 7-2 Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Go to Section: Animal Cell Nucleus Nucleolus Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Ribosomes

Endoplasmic Reticulum 2 Types: 1. Rough ER: Rough appearance because it has ribosomes Function: helps make proteins, that’s why it has ribosomes 2. Smooth ER: NO ribosomes Function: makes fats or lipids

Section 7-2 Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Go to Section: Animal Cell Nucleus Nucleolus Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosomes Golgi Complex Cell Membrane Cytoplasm

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function 4. Golgi Complex Nickname: The shippers Function: packages, modifies, and transports materials to different location inside/outside of the cell Appearance: stack of pancakes

Section 7-2 Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Go to Section: Animal Cell Nucleus Nucleolus Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosomes Golgi Bodies Cell Membrane Cytoplasm

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function 5. Lysosomes: circular, but bigger than ribosomes) Nickname: “Clean-up Crews” Function: to break down food into particles the rest of the cell can use and to destroy old cells

Section 7-2 Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Animal Cell Nucleus Nucleolus Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosomes Golgi Bodies Mitochondria Cell Membrane Cytoplasm

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function 6. Mitochondria Nickname: “The Powerhouse” Function: Energy formation Breaks down food to make ATP ATP: is the major fuel for all cell activities that require energy

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function 7. Vacuoles Function: stores water This is what makes lettuce crisp When there is no water, the plant wilts

Intro to the Plant Cell

Section 7-2 Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Go to Section: Plant Cell Cell Membrane Vacuole

Evaluate: Animal Cell Drawing Students will draw the animal cell and label each organelle of the cell. You can find this drawing on page 22 E in your Science book H.w. Pg

Now let’s talk about structures only found in PLANT Cells!!

Section 7-2 Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Go to Section: Plant Cell Cell Membrane Vacuole Chloroplasts

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function 8. Chloroplasts Function: traps energy from the sun to produce food for the plant cell Green in color because of chlorophyll, which is a green pigment

Chloroplasts

Section 7-2 Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells Go to Section: Plant Cell Cell Membrane Vacuole Chloroplasts Cell Wall

Eukaryotic Cell Organelles and Function 9. Cell Wall Function: provides support and protection to the cell membrane Found outside the cell membrane in plant cells

Plant Cell Cell Membrane Vacuole Chloroplasts Cell Wall Nucleolus Nucleus Rough ER Smooth ER Golgi Bodies Mitochondria Ribosomes Cytoplasm

Comparing Plant and Animal Cells PlantAnimal