7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structure Use this presentation in conjunction with the Cell Organelle note-taking worksheet. Run through the entire presentation before using it in class so that you know what’s coming next! It helps to print the outline and notes to have with you while presenting so that there are no surprises. –JessB.org

Objectives Recognize cells both increase in number and differentiate, becoming specialized in structure and function, during and after embryonic development. Describe the structure of cell parts found in different types of cells and the functions they perform. Explain physical and chemical interactions that occur between organelles as they carry out life processes.

Can I do This??? Identify and describe cell structures and functions. Define organelles by their functions.

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Which of these is not a part of the cell theory? Question #1 Which of these is not a part of the cell theory? Cells are the basic unit of structure and function for living things. New cells are produced from old cells. Cells are the smallest of all particles and cannot be divided. All living things are composed of cells.

Which characteristic is true of eukaryotes? Larger in size. Question #2 Which characteristic is true of eukaryotes? Larger in size. Example: Bacteria. No nucleus. More complicated.

Question #3 Your body contains numerous types of cells including skin, muscle, and blood. Which of the following reasons is why you have so many types of cells? Cells are located in different parts of the body. Cells produce different proteins. Cells have different functions. Every cell in your body is exactly the same, no matter what type it is.

Eukaryotic Cell Analogy

Comparing the Cell to a Factory Organelle= “little organ” Found only inside eukaryotic cells! Everything in a cell except the nucleus is cytoplasm. You may or may not wish to distinguish between cytosol and cytoplasm. The correct use of each term is shown here. Most high school textbooks, however, use the word “cytoplasm” to mean “cytosol.”

Expert Groups!!! FROM HERE, YOU WILL PRESENT THE INFORMATION FOR NOTES! A – Lysosomes K – Ribosomes Q – Nucleus J – Endoplasmic Reticulum (rough and smooth) 10 – Cell Membrane 9 – Mitochondria 8 – Golgi Apparatus 7 – Cytoplasm/Cytoskeleton 6 – Vacuole 5 – Cell Wall 4 - Chloroplasts

What is the organelle’s function? Answer in Your Notes!!! What is the organelle’s function? What page and paragraph/section did you find this in? What analogy do your group come up with in order to help remember the function of your organelle? What is at least one other interesting fact about your organelle?

When You Are Done Being an Expert Your questions/answers need to be approved by Mr. Cramer. Once they have been approved, you can begin your work on the Animal Cell Coloring WS.

7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structures Continued…

Objectives Recognize cells both increase in number and differentiate, becoming specialized in structure and function, during and after embryonic development. Describe the structure of cell parts found in different types of cells and the functions they perform. Explain physical and chemical interactions that occur between organelles as they carry out life processes.

Can I do This??? Identify and describe cell structures and functions. Define organelles by their functions.

Nucleus Analogy: Function: Contains DNA and controls the cell. “The Control Center” “The Boss” “The Mayor” Function: Contains DNA and controls the cell. DNA is the coded instructions for making proteins. Cells with more than one nucleus include muscle cells and liver cells, largely because of the massive volume of cytoplasm and number of organelles that need controlling.

Ribosomes Analogy: “Factory Machines” Function: Site of protein synthesis. Found both on rough ER and throughout the cytoplasm. A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids. In this diagram, you can see the ribosome is making a polypeptide, also known as a protein.

Endoplasmic Reticulum Analogy: “Highway of the cell” Function: Site where proteins/lipids are assembled and delivered through the cell. Rough ER: studded with ribosomes; it makes proteins Smooth ER: no ribosomes; it makes lipids It’s not necessary that the students can read the labels here; just point out the black dots are ribosomes.

Golgi Apparatus Analogy: “The Mailroom” “UPS”/ ”Fed-Ex” Function: Modifies, sorts, and packages materials for transport inside/outside the cell. AKA Golgi Complex. It is not necessary that the students read the labels, this diagram gives them a general idea of the Golgi’s shape.

Lysosomes Analogy: Function: Contain strong digestive enzymes. “Clean-up Crew” “Janitors” (Custodial Technician) Function: Breakdown materials so the cell can use them. Breakdown useless organelles and dispose of them. Contain strong digestive enzymes. Students should recognize the shapes of the Golgi and ER even if they cannot read the captions.

Mitochondria Nickname: Function: Creates energy from the food you eat. “The Powerhouse” Function: Creates energy from the food you eat. Has it’s own strand of DNA. Almost all mitochondria comes from the cytoplasm of the egg cell (all mitochondria came from your mom). Explain that this diagram shows the mitochondria cut open to reveal the internal membranes.

Stoppage & Closure Summary Write in complete sentences: In your opinion, what is the most important organelle to the success of the cell, we’ve covered so far, and what is its function.

7-2 Eukaryotic Cell Structures Still Continued…

Objectives Recognize cells both increase in number and differentiate, becoming specialized in structure and function, during and after embryonic development. Describe the structure of cell parts found in different types of cells and the functions they perform. Explain physical and chemical interactions that occur between organelles as they carry out life processes.

Can I do This??? Identify and describe cell structures and functions. Define organelles by their functions.

Cell Membrane Analogy: Function: Controls what enters and leaves cell. “Door Man” “Gate” Function: Controls what enters and leaves cell. Thin flexible barrier.

Cytoskeleton Analogy: Function: Gives cell structure and shape. “Steel Beams” Function: Gives cell structure and shape. Network of fibers that run through cytoplasm. Gel substance that makes up cell.

Vacuole Analogy: “Storage Container” “Warehouse” Function: Stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates. Large central vacuole in plant cells. Many smaller vacuoles in animal cells. The image is 2D, so it must have been a light microscope or TEM. If the cell is very tiny, then a TEM was used. Otherwise, a strong light microscope could have captured this image.

Cell Wall Analogy: “Walls” Function: Strong supporting layer around membrane that gives cell shape. Only in plant cells.

Function: Traps energy from the sun to produce food for the plant. Chloroplasts Analogy: “Solar Panels” Function: Traps energy from the sun to produce food for the plant. Contains the green pigment chlorophyll. Chloroplasts absorb light, which is the catalyst for photosynthesis.

Can I do This??? Identify and describe cell structures and functions. Define organelles by their functions.

What is the purpose of the organelles found only in plant cells? Summary & Closure Any questions for the good of the cause? When are organelle projects due??? Summary on Back What is the purpose of the organelles found only in plant cells?

Can I do This??? Describe the path a protein takes as it is manufactured by the cell. I can describe the path of a lipid as it is manufactured by the cell.

Some Important Vocabulary Protein – molecule needed by the body for growth, repair, and to create important enzymes. Lipids – molecule used in cell membrane, includes fats and oils. Both are made from elements such as hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen.

The Journey of a Protein Using the and the 7-2 notes (it’s the table with all of the organelles), identify which cards are involved the production, transfer, or delivery of a protein.

Nucleus Rough ER Smooth ER Mitochond-ria Lysosomes Golgi Apparatus Ribosomes Released From Cell

The Journey of a Protein Path of a Protein: Ribosome Rough ER Golgi Apparatus Export from cell or to the appropriate organelle

The Journey of a Lipid Path of a Lipid: Smooth ER Golgi Apparatus Sent for use in cell membrane or other organelles.

Closure What is due tomorrow??? Summary Write in Complete Sentences In sentence form, describe the path of a protein from its creation, to export in the cell. Today: Cell Transport Foldable Work on your project!!!