Cellular Parts S7L2b Relate cell structure (cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, chloroplasts, mitochondria) to basic cell functions.

Basic Cell Structure Cell membrane The thin flexible boundary surrounding the cell Cytoplasm The watery, jelly-like part of the cell that contains salts, minerals and the cell organelles Genetic material (nucleus of most cells) the area of the cell where the DNA is stored It regulates all the cellular activities

Organelles Little organs Small, specialized cellular subunits Helps a cell to move molecules, create and store energy, store information and perform many other functions Different kinds of cells have different organelles

Plant Cells Only in Plant Cells Cell wall-rigid membrane around plant cell; made of cellulose and provides shape and support. Plastids (chloroplasts, leukoplasts, chromoplasts) -used in photosynthesis and product storage; have double membrane and provide color and cellular energy

Bacteria Cells Bacteria Cells Only Cilia- short, hair-like extensions on the surface of some cells used for movement and food gathering Flagella- long, whip-like extension on the surface of some cells used for movement No nucleus-genetic material found in the cytoplasm.

Basic Cell Organelles for Plants & Animals Vacuoles – Spherical storage sac for food and water Cell membrane – membrane surrounding the cell that allows some molecules to pass through Golgi bodies- flattened membrane sacs for synthesis, packaging and distribution Mitochondria- rod-shaped double membranous structures where cellular respiration takes place (energy is produced) Endoplasmic Reticulum- folded membranes having areas with and without ribosomes used for transport of RNA and proteins Nucleus- control center of the cell; location of hereditary information (DNA); surrounded by nuclear envelope Ribosomes- Structures that make proteins; found on ER in the cytoplasm Lysosomes- Spherical sac containing enzymes for digestive functions (breaks down old cell parts and waste)