Discovery of Cells

People  Robert Hooke invented the microscope;  1665-he looked at a piece of cork and noticed it was made up of little boxes.  He called them “cells” which means “little rooms” in Latin.  He thought cells were found only in plants and fungi.  Robert Hooke invented the microscope;  1665-he looked at a piece of cork and noticed it was made up of little boxes.  He called them “cells” which means “little rooms” in Latin.  He thought cells were found only in plants and fungi.

 Anton van Leeuwenhoek-  first person to see bacteria and blood cells.  Anton van Leeuwenhoek-  first person to see bacteria and blood cells.

CELL THEORY  Theodore Schwann- came up with the first two parts of the cell theory. 1.All organisms are composed of one or more cells. 2.The cell is the basic unit of life in all living things.  Theodore Schwann- came up with the first two parts of the cell theory. 1.All organisms are composed of one or more cells. 2.The cell is the basic unit of life in all living things.

Third part of Cell Theory  Rudolf Virchow- developed the third part of the cell theory. 3. All cells come from existing cells.  Rudolf Virchow- developed the third part of the cell theory. 3. All cells come from existing cells.

All Cells Have  Cells come in many different shapes and sizes, just like humans. All cells have several similarities. All have: 1.Cell membrane 2.Heredity material- DNA 3.Cytoplasm and organelles 4.Small in size.  Cells come in many different shapes and sizes, just like humans. All cells have several similarities. All have: 1.Cell membrane 2.Heredity material- DNA 3.Cytoplasm and organelles 4.Small in size.

Cell membrane  All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane.  Acts as a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell.  Controls the passage of materials in and out of the cell.  All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane.  Acts as a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell.  Controls the passage of materials in and out of the cell.

Heredity material  DNA= heredity material  Cells reproduce and pass DNA from one cell to the next.  DNA= heredity material  Cells reproduce and pass DNA from one cell to the next.

Cytoplasm & Organelles  Cytoplasm- the fluid that surrounds the organelles. (mostly water)  Organelles- are structures inside the cell.  Each organelle has a job and purpose.  Cytoplasm- the fluid that surrounds the organelles. (mostly water)  Organelles- are structures inside the cell.  Each organelle has a job and purpose.

Small in size  The smaller the cell, the more surface space it has.  The smaller the cell is, the quicker material can enter and exit the cell.  An elephant is larger in size but its cells are not larger than yours, it just has more cells!  The smaller the cell, the more surface space it has.  The smaller the cell is, the quicker material can enter and exit the cell.  An elephant is larger in size but its cells are not larger than yours, it just has more cells!

Two types of cells ProkaryoticEukaryotic

Prokaryotic cells  Cells with no nucleus, but has DNA.  Smallest cells  bacteria  Bacteria probably the first cells on Earth 3.5 billion years old.  Cells with no nucleus, but has DNA.  Smallest cells  bacteria  Bacteria probably the first cells on Earth 3.5 billion years old.

Eukaryotic Cells  More complex  About 10 X larger than prokaryotic cells.  About 2 billion years old.  All living organisms are eukaryotic except bacteria.  Have a nucleus with DNA in it.  More complex  About 10 X larger than prokaryotic cells.  About 2 billion years old.  All living organisms are eukaryotic except bacteria.  Have a nucleus with DNA in it.

1. Lysosome

2. Mitochondria

3. Nucleus

4. Ribosomes

5. Vacuole

6. Chloroplast

7. Cell membrane

8. Cytoplasm

9. Cell Wall Fungus Cell Wall - Chitin Plant Cell Wall - Cellulose

10. Endoplasmic Reticulum

11. Golgi Complex

12. Vesicle

13. DNA - Chromosomes