Colonizing North America (Chapter 3/Section 3) Search for a Northwest Passage Rivalries Among European Nations New France New Netherland

Search for a Northwest Passage Throughout the 1500s, England, France, and the Netherlands all envied Spain’s new empire in the Americas. They wanted their own American colonies. All three countries sent explorers in search of a northwest passage to Asia: Waterway through or around North America None were successful. 1610: Henry Hudson is cast adrift on Hudson Bay as his mutinous crew sails off into the distance…his body was never found.

Rivalries Among European Nations Religious differences heightened the rivalry among European nations—the Protestant Reformation divided Europe into Catholic (Spain & France) and Protestant (England & Netherlands). 1517: Martin Luther nails his 95 theses (complaints) to the door of the Catholic Church—setting off a theological revolution that splits apart Europe.

European Empires in the Americas What Country Colonized most of the America’s?

New France Unlike Spain’s American empire, New France had little gold or silver—the French profited from fishing, trapping (furs), and trading. The French established friendly relations with the Indians and traded with them. France claimed land from the St. Lawrence River (in eastern Canada) to the Mouth of the Mississippi River: NEW ORLEANS, the most important trading post in N.America

New Netherlands: Dutch Founded in 1626, the colony of New Netherland is today known as New York. Its capital city, New Amsterdam, is now known as New York City. Main economic rival: France, over fur trade. Both sought alliances with rival Indian nations. The fur trade rivalry increased Indian warfare against European settlers and rival tribes. 1664: New Netherland Governor Peter Stuyvesant surrenders the colony to an English naval force.

Working Economy with the Indians France & Dutch unlike the Spanish did not enslave the Natives Americans. Instead they: - traded with the Indians for food and fur - exchanged goods and services -taught them skills -Married Native women - Missionaries: Spread Religion

European Rivals Chart (pg. 81)` Country Explorers Colonies Economic Activities Relationship with Indians Spain Gold and Silver Mining France The Netherlands Henry Hudson England