On your turkey or a piece of paper 1. What characteristics define you? 2. How are you different from others 3. What is most important to you 4. How did you develop your personality?

Complete this test psych101/LittleBig5B.htm psych101/LittleBig5B.htm psych101/LittleBig5B.htm psych101/LittleBig5B.htm Link is on my webpage make sure you rate it! Link is on my webpage make sure you rate it!

Describe your personality

Personality

Definition of personality A. Organization of an individual’s distinguishing characteristics, traits, or habits A. Organization of an individual’s distinguishing characteristics, traits, or habits B. Includes the individual’s unique way of 1. Thinking 2. Feeling 3. Behaving 4. Experiencing the environment

Tasks 1. analyze groups 2. understand individuals 3. study the personality process 4. develop theories

A. Basic tools 1. Observation 2. interview 3. peer rating 4. self report personality tests

Objective tests - individual answers questions with response options - individual answers questions with response options Examples- Examples-

Projective tests - individual answers questions with no response restrictions - individual answers questions with no response restrictions Examples- Examples-

How accurate are personality tests?

Barnum principle Listing general traits so that almost everyone who reads them thinks that the traits apply specifically to him or her. Listing general traits so that almost everyone who reads them thinks that the traits apply specifically to him or her. ( the traits are so general that they apply to everyone) ( the traits are so general that they apply to everyone)

Validity VS Reliability Validity measures what it is supposed to measure measures what it is supposed to measureReliability a person’s score on a test at one point should be the similar to the score obtained by the same person on a similar test a person’s score on a test at one point should be the similar to the score obtained by the same person on a similar test

Are the SAT’s valid and reliable? Are the SAT’s valid and reliable?

Assignment Google personality tests Complete 2 personality tests On a piece of paper 1. Identify the test( name and explanation) 2. identify if the tests were projective or objective, 3. Is the test valid and reliable- explain

Answer two of the following If you were an article of clothing- what would you be If you were an article of clothing- what would you be If you were a natural scene- what would you be If you were a natural scene- what would you be If you were a means of conveyance- what would you be If you were a means of conveyance- what would you be If you were a plant- what would you be If you were a plant- what would you be If you were a food item- what would you be? If you were a food item- what would you be?

Make your own test 3 projective questions 3 projective questions 3 objective questions 3 objective questions 10 people must answer them by Friday, December 2 10 people must answer them by Friday, December 2 ( get your relatives to do this!) ( get your relatives to do this!)

Overview of Theories Psychoanalytic Psychoanalytic - we are who we are because of our childhood - we are ruled by our unconscious

Humanism We have the freedom to grow and choose our own destiny We have the freedom to grow and choose our own destiny

Social Cognitive Theories Personality is shaped by the environment, cognitive personal factors, and behaviors. These things interact and influence how we evaluate, interpret, organize and apply information Personality is shaped by the environment, cognitive personal factors, and behaviors. These things interact and influence how we evaluate, interpret, organize and apply information

Learning/Behaviorists We are controlled by rewards and punishments We are controlled by rewards and punishments

Trait theories Personality is analyzed by measuring, identifying, and classifying similarities and differences in personality characteristics or traits Personality is analyzed by measuring, identifying, and classifying similarities and differences in personality characteristics or traits

Psychoanalytic Theory We are who we based on our childhood experiences and our unconscious mind

Instinctual Energy Life Instinct Life Instinct self preservation Death Instinct Death Instinct –Leads us to aggression and destruction –Write 2 examples of each

Levels of consciousness Conscious thought Conscious thought –Thoughts that we are aware of Preconscious thought Preconscious thought –Thoughts that we are not immediately aware of but can retrieve at will Unconscious thought Unconscious thought –Thoughts wishes and desires that we cannot voluntarily access

Freudian Slips- Freudian Slips- –Mistakes we make when talking which reflect our unconscious thoughts

Ways of understanding the mind Free Association Free Association –Free flowing uncensored talk to provide clues to unconscious thought

Dream interpretation based on the assumption that dreams have meaning that provide clues to the unconscious mind based on the assumption that dreams have meaning that provide clues to the unconscious mind –Manifest content- actual images –Latent content- what they mean

Common themes Death-Birth- Running away- Being in a car Failing

Tuesday’s quiz Projective vs objective tests Validity and reilability Barnum principle Freud’s psychoanalytic focus - unconscious, preconscious, conscious thought Life and death instinct

Do this now… Do this now… Read page 436 and highlight Read page 436 and highlight Rewrite highlighted information on top of page Rewrite highlighted information on top of page

MGCUH-lLY MGCUH-lLY MGCUH-lLY MGCUH-lLY

Personality structures Id- Id- –Demands immediate gratification –Operates on the pleasure principle –If it is not satisfied you feel like you are missing out on things in life

Ego Ego –Rational buffer between the id and the super ego –Operates on the reality principle

Super Ego- Super Ego- –Incorporates morals, values and standards –If it is not satisfied, you feel guilty

Defense Mechanisms Defending the ego from experiencing anxiety about failing in its task Defending the ego from experiencing anxiety about failing in its task

Displacement Taking your feelings out on someone or something less threatening Taking your feelings out on someone or something less threatening Examples… Examples…

Repression Blocking out unacceptable feelings or experiences and pushing them into the unconscious Blocking out unacceptable feelings or experiences and pushing them into the unconscious

Reaction Formation Substituting unacceptable behaviors, thoughts or feelings with acceptable ones Substituting unacceptable behaviors, thoughts or feelings with acceptable ones

Regression Going back to an earlier less mature state Going back to an earlier less mature state ex ex

Projection Inner personal feeling are placed onto someone else Inner personal feeling are placed onto someone else ex ex

Rationalizing Covering up the true reason for doing things with excuses and incorrect explanations Covering up the true reason for doing things with excuses and incorrect explanations

Intellectualizing Separating thought from feeling so feelings are not overwhelming Separating thought from feeling so feelings are not overwhelming

Complete defense mechanism I have used… Complete defense mechanism I have used…

Demonstrate your understanding of defense mechanisms by… Demonstrate your understanding of defense mechanisms by… Preparing a role play for 3 different defense mechanisms Preparing a role play for 3 different defense mechanisms You will be asked to act out one of the defense mechanisms for the class You will be asked to act out one of the defense mechanisms for the class

How will you be graded? 5 points completed worksheet 5 points completed worksheet 5 points for being prepared when called on 5 points for being prepared when called on 5 points for properly demonstrating your defense mechanism 5 points for properly demonstrating your defense mechanism - extra credit will be given for humor

Psycho sexual stages of development A. Biologically determined stages driven from birth by sexual instinct B. Different zones of the body become sources of pleasure during different stages

C. Mal adaptive behavior in adults results from unresolved conflicts that originate at any of the stages D. At any time in these stages, a conflict could cause fixation-

Oral Stage (birth – 18 months) - Sexual pleasure focuses on - Sexual pleasure focuses on sucking, biting and chewing sucking, biting and chewing fixation is linked to excessive drinking, gum chewing, biting nails, pencil chewing, excessive eating fixation is linked to excessive drinking, gum chewing, biting nails, pencil chewing, excessive eating

Anal stage 18 months- 3 years - sexual pleasure is derived during elimination of feces

If conflict is not resolved you become Anal expulsive Anal expulsive Messy disorganized adults Anal retentive highly controlled, excessively neat

Phallic stage children seek genital stimulation and develop unconscious...desires towards the parent of the opposite sex - children seek genital stimulation and develop unconscious...desires towards the parent of the opposite sex - children have feelings of...hatred and jealousy for the rival parent of the same sex - children have feelings of...hatred and jealousy for the rival parent of the same sex

Oedipus Complex - found in boys, due to feelings of guilt and fear of the rival parent - boys fear castration by their father

Electra Crisis - penis envy which symbolically translates into wanting to have a child with their father

How do kids deal with this? repression and trying to become like the rival parent This provides gender identity and strengthens the super ego

IV. Latency ( 6- puberty) IV. Latency ( 6- puberty) -the period of sexual repression in late childhood -the period of sexual repression in late childhood

Genital Stage ( puberty – adulthood) maturation of sexual interest most choose sexual intercourse for gratification

Using the magazines Find a picture to represent each of Freud’s psychosexual stages of development Find a picture to represent each of Freud’s psychosexual stages of development Identify the stage age Identify the stage age Label the stage Label the stage Explain why it demonstrates the stage- I should be able to tell that you understand the stage Explain why it demonstrates the stage- I should be able to tell that you understand the stage