13.4 Notes

 Analyze the rise of totalitarian regimes…  To understand the Soviet Union under Stalin

 Joseph Stalin took over after Lenin’s death  Turned Soviet Union into totalitarian state  Command Economy- government control on economy  5 year plans- programs to build heavy industry, improve transportation, increase farming

 Despite developing industry, people’s general standard of living remained low  Managers produced lots of low quality goods to meet quotas  Collective- a state owned farm, operated by groups of peasants  Kulaks-wealthy farmers  Did not want to give up their own land  Stalin killed and sent them to labor camps  Led to “Terror Famine” 5-8 mil died

 Stalin used secret police, torture and purges (mass killings) to edh,/ljnsure obedience  Gulag- system of brutal labor camps  The Great Purge-1934 secret police cracked down on rival party  Many of the most talented people also died

 Stalin made a “cult of personality” around himself using propaganda  Censorship in the Arts  Stalin required a style called “socialist realism” to show Soviets life as positive  Faced persecution if they refused  War on religion- also tried to make people atheists, for loyalty only to state

 New elite were communist party members  Some benefits of communism  Free schools  Free medical care for children  Equality for women

 Comintern- communists international pursued world-wide revolution  Also wanted recognition/ trade with western powers