Challenges and progress with the development of a Lunar Laser Ranger for South Africa Ludwig Combrinck Roelf Botha Space Geodesy Programme.

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Presentation transcript:

Challenges and progress with the development of a Lunar Laser Ranger for South Africa Ludwig Combrinck Roelf Botha Space Geodesy Programme Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory In collaboration with Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur 18th International Workshop on Laser Ranging - Pursuing Ultimate Accuracy & Creating New Synergies November 2013 Fujiyoshida, Japan

Japan, November Space Geodesy at HartRAO SLR, VLBI, GNSS, DORIS, Geophysical instruments….now LLR in development VLBI MOBLAS-6, part of NASA SLR network, 100 mJ, 200 pico-second pulse, precision about 1.5 cm Cannot do Lunar Laser Ranging, system too weak and not designed for LLR 2 VLBI antennas, VLBI2010 antenna construction starting 2014

Japan, November No LLR currently in Southern Hemisphere; The SA LLR will be part of the GGOS network and part of the NASA SLR network A Southern Hemisphere LLR will strengthen the geometry of the LLR network and should improve the determination of the orientation of the Moon A dual system S/LLR will provide added coverage of SLR data in an area very sparsely covered Currently 4 active LLR systems, 2 in development Apache point Active LLR system In development LLR system The concept of an LLR for the southern Hemisphere was discussed at the13 th International ILRS Workshop (October 2002) in Washington at an LLR breakaway meeting, where community support was given in principle. I had previously discussed the idea with Etienne Samain (OCA, France). Originally I had tried t o obtain use of a 30” telescope at Sutherland, South Africa, proposal at SAAO meeting 26 April 2003.

Japan, November Ex-Observatoire de la Cote d’Azur 1-m SLR telescope 1-m SLR FTLRS LLR Removed 30 Aug 2005

Japan, November Overall design concept is software-centric Central Computer Control LLR Software Telescope and housing subsystem Detection and timing Hardware control and monitoring Laser subsystem Safety (interrupts, aircraft, smoke/fire) External inputs, remote access, data links On-site data evaluation and processing

Japan, November Software design; shared memory concept Dynamic Data Exchange LLRSteer LLRServo- Control MS Excel Hardware Control Micro- processor software

Japan, November Telescope housing 2.5 minutes to open and move away Can be dismantled and moved to final location Large enough to allow maintenance access via crane All metal construction Steel reinforced massive concrete floor Housing runs on tracks via electrical motors 1 ton crane to remove gearbox and instruments

Japan, November ‘Temporary foundation’ Telescope housed in run- off enclosure Crane to assist in disassembly and refurbishment Totally nuts and bolts construction to facilitate future removal to appropriate site Stable and massive foundation for tests

Japan, November cubic metres of concrete…

Japan, November Run-off enclosure on steel tracks

Japan, November

Japan, November Tie to ITRF via GNSS Mount installed 2 June 2011 Much restoration work ahead!

Gearboxes were removed, disassembled, refurbished, modern oil Japan, November

Tube has been restored Japan, November

All panels and Az-El mount repainted with heat reflecting paint Japan, November

Japan, November

Japan, November Laser system by Cybioms Corporation 100 mJ, 20 Hz, <80 ps; 1KHz, 0.5 mJa

Testbed 12.5 cm f12.5 refractor (i.e. what my lunch times are spent on) Micro-processor controlled functions Dual servo control system, all software in-house (or rather late-at-night)

Main and secondary to be re-aluminized and coated Japan, November

Japan, November Control centre based on 12 m shipping container; clean air filters Located next to MOBLAS-6 Curved roof to provide shade

Japan, November Control centre designed for desert conditions Insulation panels fitted externally and internally Rubberised floor Dedicated air conditioner in laser room Positive air pressure to keep dust out

UPS 20 KVA Japan, November

Control room Japan, November

Japan, November Project completion 2015? 2016? Where will the system be located?

Japan, November Thank you! Acknowledgements Thanks to the LOC for a fantastic workshop! Projects such as these depend to a large extent on international collaboration. We specifically thank OCA (France), NASA (USA) and Cybioms Corporation (USA). Funding received from the National Research Foundation (NRF), South Africa, towards this project is appreciated. This work is based on research supported by NRF grant IFR