I) The Legacy of Reconstruction
A) Southern Leaders wanted to rebuild the South w/ Industry
1) The avg. Southern income was 40% of a northerner
A) Southern Leaders wanted to rebuild the South w/ Industry 1) The avg. Southern income was 40% of a northerner 2) Freedman were severely impoverished
A) Southern Leaders wanted to rebuild the South w/ Industry 1) The avg. Southern income was 40% of a northerner 2) Freedman were severely impoverished 3) Formerly Rich plantation owners were forced to divide their land into small plots which they would rent to tenants
A) Southern Leaders wanted to rebuild the South w/ Industry 1) The avg. Southern income was 40% of a northerner 2) Freedman were severely impoverished 3) Formerly Rich plantation owners were forced to divide their land into small plots which they would rent to tenants – a. Tenant farmers- pay rent for land they grow food on
A) Southern Leaders wanted to rebuild the South w/ Industry 3) Formerly Rich plantation owners were forced to divide their land into small plots which they would rent to tenants – a. Tenant farmers- pay rent for land they grow food on – b. 1) Sharecropping- pay the rent with part of their crop
A) Southern Leaders wanted to rebuild the South w/ Industry 3) Formerly Rich plantation owners were forced to divide their land into small plots which they would rent to tenants – a. Tenant farmers- pay rent for land they grow food on – b. Sharecropping- pay the rent with part of their crop 1. Problems: had to borrow $ for tools, seeds, etc. 2. Low crop prices
B) Reversing Reconstruction
1. When the southern Democrats regained control, they ended free public education
B) Reversing Reconstruction 1. When the southern Democrats regained control, they ended free public education 2. Created New Voting Laws
B) Reversing Reconstruction 1. When the southern Democrats regained control, they ended free public education 2. Created New Voting Laws –a. Must pay a poll tax- fee for voting
B) Reversing Reconstruction 1. When the southern Democrats regained control, they ended free public education 2. Created New Voting Laws –a. Must pay a poll tax- fee for voting –b. Some areas had to pass a literacy test
B) Reversing Reconstruction 1. When the southern Democrats regained control, they ended free public education 2. Created New Voting Laws –a. Must pay a poll tax- fee for voting –b. Some areas had to pass a literacy test –c. Did not violate the 15 th Amendment, whites had to pass/pay too
B) Reversing Reconstruction 3. Jim Crow Laws - a slang term for segregation laws Here is an illustration of Jim Crow, a stereotypical racist depiction of an African American man, dancing in a field. The term, "Jim Crow," would come to represent the segregated facilities in the South and the laws that provided for them.
B) Reversing Reconstruction 3. Jim Crow Laws - a slang term for segregation laws 4. Segregation- the forced separation of races in public places
B) Reversing Reconstruction 5. Plessy v. Ferguson
B) Reversing Reconstruction 5. Plessy v. Ferguson –a. Some thought Jim Crow Laws violated 14 th amendment
B) Reversing Reconstruction 5. Plessy v. Ferguson –a. Some thought Jim Crow Laws violated 14 th amendment –b. Supreme Court ruled that as long as the facilities were equal, they could be separate
C) African- American responses to Segregation
1. Open Disobedience
C) African- American responses to Segregation 1. Open Disobedience –a. some openly violated the laws
C) African- American responses to Segregation 1. Open Disobedience –a. some openly violated the laws\ –b. W.E.B. Dubois would later encourage blacks to stand up to discrimination
C) African- American responses to Segregation 2. Migration –a. Some moved North
C) African- American responses to Segregation 2. Migration –a. Some moved North –b. Other returned to Africa
C) African- American responses to Segregation 2. Migration –a. Some moved North –b. Other returned to Africa –c. Some stayed put and attempted to create tight knit communities that educated the youth
D) Reconstruction was a FAILURE!!!