Reconstruction after the Civil War

Juneteenth This is a Texas Holiday The Emancipation Proclamation was in January 1, 1863, but the slaves in Texas did not know they were free… When the Union soldiers landed at Galveston, Texas on June 19, 1865 they informed all the slaves they were free.

Amendments to the U.S. Constitution 13 th Amendment abolished slavery (meaning every one was freed) 14 th Amendment gave African Americans citizenship and protected their civil liberties (means if you are accused of a crime you will have a trial) 15 th Amendment gave African Americans the right to vote

The U.S. Congress made Texas rewrite the Texas Constitution of 1845 Texas wrote the Constitution of 1876 The was a huge political impact (meaning change) The governor’s term is now 4 years It declared that Texas was a free and independent state, subject only to the Constitution of the United States, that all free men have equal rights.

Freedman’s Bureau The Freedmen's Bureau Bill, which created the Freedmen's Bureau in March 1865, was initiated by President Abraham Lincoln and was intended to last for one year after the end of the Civil War. [2] The Freedmen's Bureau was an important agency of the early Reconstruction, assisting freedmen (freed ex-slaves) in the South. The Bureau was part of the United States Department of War. Headed by Union Army General Oliver O. Howard, the Bureau was operational from 1865 to It was disbanded under President Ulysses S. Grant. [2]Freedmen's Bureau BillAbraham Lincoln [2] ReconstructionfreedmenslavesSouthUnited States Department of WarOliver O. HowardUlysses S. Grant [2] The Bureau encouraged former plantation owners to rebuild their plantations, urged African Americans to gain employment, kept an eye on contracts between labor and management, and pushed both whites and blacks to work together as employers and employees rather than as masters and as slaves. [3]employers [3]

Inventers and Free Enterprise

Inventor: Gail Borden Surveyor Designed the cities of Galveston and Houston Improved the meat biscuit Invented the process for condensing milk

Inventor: Joseph Glidden School teacher Sheriff Invented the most successful form of barbed wire. Barbed wire was used to keep livestock out of crops. This is the barbed wire he patented.

Free Enterprise System *People have an idea to sell or a product or service to develop (invent) *They provide that service or product in a business they invest in. *It continues to grow and prosper if the business earns a profit and there continues to be a supply and demand for it. Texans are allowed to earn their living through providing goods and services. As long as Texas belongs to a democratic country the government will allow Texans to create businesses and earn profits.

Some of the benefits of The Free Enterprise System Business Examples of Benefits Consumer Examples of Benefits Choice to own a business Felling of independence and self-worth Profit for well-managed businesses High demand- increases prices Competition lowers price Opportunity to choose different types of the same product

If there is time the class can do the Free Enterprise flow chart.