Islam Pg

Muslim A person who practices the religion of Islam is a Muslim Religion = Islam Person = Muslim (ie, Judaism & Jew, Christianity & Christian)

Founder = Muhammad Name means “peace be upon him” Believed to be a prophet Muslims believe in the Old Testament prophets Abraham, Moses, David, etc. Also believe that Jesus was a prophet

The Five Pillars of Islam

Shahada Declaration of faith A person becomes a Muslim by making the basic statement of testimony or witness. “I testify that there is no God but God, and I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of God.”

Salah Prayer Required five specified times each day facing Mecca. Includes many body positions like prostration with one’s forehead touching the ground.

House of worship is called a mosque Men and women are separate Must enter barefoot Most important service is on Fridays at noon

Zakat Charity Obligatory charitable contribution of a percentage of your income each year

Saum Fast from dawn to dusk each day during the ninth month (Ramadan), Muslims are not supposed to eat, drink, or engage in sexual intercourse. This is a time of spiritual renewal.

Hajj Pilgrimage to Mecca Muslims duplicate the ritual first performed by Abraham, including circling the sacred shrine (Ka`ba), standing on the plain of `Arafat, and offering a sacrifice.

Holy Days 1. Muharram 2. Ashura 3. Mawlid al-Nabi 4. Ramadan 5. Eid al-Fitr 6. Eid al-Adha

Quran Written in Arabic contains 114 chapters The word of Allah revealed to Prophet Muhammad through the Archangel Gabriel

Day of Judgment A day will come when the whole universe will be destroyed and the dead will be resurrected for judgment by God. All people will be rewarded by God according to their beliefs and deeds. Those who die while believing that “There is no true god but God, and Muhammad is the Messenger (Prophet) of God” and are Muslim will be rewarded on that day and will be admitted to Paradise forever. All others will go to Hellfire.

Sunni vs. Shiite Sunni Muslims include 84%–90% of all Muslims. Sunni means “tradition,” and Sunnis regard themselves as those who emphasize following the traditions of Muhammad and of the first two generations of the community of Muslims that followed Muhammad. Shi`ite Muslims comprise 10%–16% of all Muslims. Shi`ites are the “party of `Ali,” who believe that Muhammad’s son-in- law `Ali was his designated successor (imam) and that the Muslim community should be headed by a designated descendent of Muhammad.