New Mexico Forests. Fig. 2.1 in Dick-Peddie, W.A. 1993. New Mexico Vegetation. VEGETATION TYPES OF NEW MEXICO (1880)

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Presentation transcript:

New Mexico Forests

Fig. 2.1 in Dick-Peddie, W.A New Mexico Vegetation. VEGETATION TYPES OF NEW MEXICO (1880)

VEGETATION TYPES OF NEW MEXICO (18,000 Years Ago) Fig. 2.4 in Dick-Peddie, W.A New Mexico Vegetation.

VEGETATION TYPES OF NEW MEXICO (100 MillionYears Ago)

BROAD GEOLOGIC TIME SCALES

PALEOZOIC ERA (550 – 250 MYA)

MESOZOIC ERA (250 – 50 MYA)

EARLY CRETACEOUS

LATE CRETACEOUS

CENOZOIC ERA (50 MYA - Present) Quaternary Period: Tertiary Period:

EARLY TERTIARY (Continent Wide Moderate-Warm Climates)

EARLY TERTIARY GEOFLORAS

EARLY TERTIARY: Arcto-Tertiary Geoflora Western Northern Eastern

EARLY TERTIARY: Neotropical -Tertiary Geoflora

EARLY TERTIARY: Madrean -Tertiary Geoflora

EARLY TERTIARY GEOFLORAS In NEW MEXICO

LATE TERTIARY (Continent-Wide Cooling)

LATE TERTIARY (Continued Orogeny of the Rocky Mountains)

LATE TERTIARY (Grassland Development in Rain Shadow and Eastward)

LATE TERTIARY Arcto-Tertiary Geoflora: Neotropical-Tertiary Geoflora: Madro-Tertiary Geoflora:

QUATERNARY (Pleistocene)

Pluvial Lakes: A large lake associated with excessive rain and little evapotranspiration. Poorly drained.

QUATERNARY (Pleistocene) Height of the Wisconsin Glaciation (18,000 ybp)

QUATERNARY (Pleistocene) *Spruce-Fir Forests Alpine Tundra

Palynology: Analysis of Pollen Cores Juniperus Poaceae Pinus Salix 15

20,000 ybpCurrent QUATERNARY (Pleistocene) (Wilcox Playa)

QUATERNARY (Pleistocene) (Plains of San Agustin) 10,000 ybpCurrent

RECENT QUATERNARY (Holocene)

3 4 Biogenic Deposits (Packrat Middens) RECENT QUATERNARY (Holocene) 8 7

Midden: Organic Deposits of Plant Debris and Feces Cemented by “Amberat” (dried urine)

RECENT QUATERNARY (Holocene) Saguaro Cactus Seeds Mesquite Seeds Pinon Seeds Packrat Midden Macrofossil Analysis

RECENT QUATERNARY (late Pleistocene - Holocene) (18,000 – 3,300 ybp) Sacramento Mountains, NM Packrat Middens

RECENT QUATERNARY (late Pleistocene - Holocene) Packrat Midden Analysis: Sacramento Mountains, NM (5,300 ft) 18,000 ybp 10,000 ybp 8,000 ybp

7,300 ybp 5,500 ybp Packrat Midden Analysis: Sacramento Mountains, NM (5,300 ft) RECENT QUATERNARY (late Pleistocene - Holocene)

3,300 ybp Packrat Midden Analysis: Sacramento Mountains, NM (5,300 ft)

NATURE OF PLANT SUCCESSION Frederic Clements: Communities of Plants shift their Distribution at the same Rate and Time (“Clementisian” View) Henry Gleason: Individual Plants Shift their Distribution at their OWN Rate and Time (“Gleasonian” View) 18,000 ybp 10,000 ybp

Figs. 2.1, 2.4 in W.A. Dick-Peddie New Mexico Vegetation. Modern and Recent Extent of NM Forests

Dick-Peddie, W.A New Mexico Vegetation. University of New Mexico Press McClaren, M.P. and T.R. Van Devender The Desert Grassland. University of Arizona Press. Primary Literature Sources

Allred, K.W Vegetative changes in New Mexico Rangelands. New Mexico Journal of Science 36:

cenozoic.jpg KenColePic2.jpg

curtipendula.jpg 20 McClaran, M.P. and T.R. Van Devender The desert grassland. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ 21 pellet.jpg