Parrondo’s Paradox Noel-Ann Bradshaw University of Greenwich.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Theoretical Probability
Advertisements

Clear your desk for your quiz. Unit 2 Day 8 Expected Value Average expectation per game if the game is played many times Can be used to evaluate and.
Two Losses Make a Win: How a Physicist Surprised Mathematicians Tony Mann, 16 March 2015 Two Losses Make a Win: How a Physicist Surprised Mathematicians.
Algebra 1 Ch 2.8 – Probability & Odds.
Take out a coin! You win 4 dollars for heads, and lose 2 dollars for tails.
Winning with Losing Games An Examination of Parrondo’s Paradox.
Learn to estimate probability using theoretical methods.
Probability Chapter 11 1.
Prosjektstyring Game / Coin Flip Heads: Wins 2 NOK Tail: Loses 1 NOK We will present two games. We flip coin, in case.
Games of probability What are my chances?. Roll a single die (6 faces). –What is the probability of each number showing on top? Activity 1: Simple probability:
1 Gold Silver Small set of drawers Three drawers, each with two coins.
Probability And Expected Value ————————————
Math 310 Section 7.2 Probability. Succession of Events So far, our discussion of events have been in terms of a single stage scenario. We might be looking.
1. What’s the probability that the spinner will land on blue? 2. Samuel has a bowl of fruit containing 3 apples, 2 oranges and 5 pears. If he randomly.
(a) (b) (c) (d). What is (1,2,3)  (3,4,2)? (a) (1, 2, 3, 4) (b) (1,2)  (3,4) (c) (1,3,4,2) (d) (3,1)  (4,2)
Chapter 16: Random Variables
Preview Warm Up California Standards Lesson Presentation.
Warm up: Solve each system (any method). W-up 11/4 1) Cars are being produced by two factories, factory 1 produces twice as many cars (better management)
Algebra 1 Probability & Odds. Objective  Students will find the probability of an event and the odds of an event.
P ROBABILITY Probability is a measure of how likely an event is to occur. For example – Today there is a 60% chance of rain. The odds of winning the.
Aim: Bernoulli Experiment Course: Alg. 2 & Trig. Do Now: Aim: Who is Bernoulli and what is his experiment regarding probability? Find the probability of.
Aim: How do we find the probability with two outcomes? Do Now: John takes a multiple choice test on a topic for which he has learned nothing. Each question.
Quiz Time! Clear your desk except for a pencil & calculator!
Expected Value and Standard Error for a Sum of Draws (Dr. Monticino)
Dependent and Independent Events. Events are said to be independent if the occurrence of one event has no effect on the occurrence of another. For example,
Conditional Probability. The probability of an event A, given the occurrence of some other event B: Ex: A card is selected from a standard 52 card deck.
Chapter 16: Random Variables
Conditional Probability Objective: I can find the probability of a conditional event.
Expected Value.
5.1 Probability in our Daily Lives.  Which of these list is a “random” list of results when flipping a fair coin 10 times?  A) T H T H T H T H T H 
1 Press Ctrl-A ©G Dear2010 – Not to be sold/Free to use ExpectedOutcomes Stage 6 - Year 12 General Mathematic (HSC)
1 Parrondo's Paradox. 2 Two losing games can be combined to make a winning game. Game A: repeatedly flip a biased coin (coin a) that comes up head with.
Natural Language Processing Giuseppe Attardi Introduction to Probability IP notice: some slides from: Dan Jurafsky, Jim Martin, Sandiway Fong, Dan Klein.
Fair and Unfair Games Laura Smiley. What makes a game… FairUnfair.
WOULD YOU PLAY THIS GAME? Roll a dice, and win $1000 dollars if you roll a 6.
Probability.
Aim: Bernoulli Experiment Course: Math Lit. Do Now: Aim: Who is Bernoulli and what is his experiment regarding probability? Find the probability of obtaining.
Homework An experiment consists of rolling a fair number cube. Find each probability. 1. P(rolling an odd number) 2. P(rolling a prime number) An experiment.
Introduction to Probability – Experimental Probability.
The Mean of a Discrete Random Variable Lesson
Billion Dollar Baby Game Created By: Timmy Drzewinski Edwin McCracken.
Jane wins $21 if a die roll shows a six, and she loses $2 otherwise
CASH OR COIN? Would you take the risk?. CASH OR COIN?  You need a piece of scrap paper, and a pencil or pen.
Counting Techniques (Dr. Monticino). Overview  Why counting?  Counting techniques  Multiplication principle  Permutation  Combination  Examples.
Section 5.3: Independence and the Multiplication Rule Section 5.4: Conditional Probability and the General Multiplication Rule.
Theoretical Probability
Chance We will base on the frequency theory to study chances (or probability).
Theory of Computational Complexity Probability and Computing Lee Minseon Iwama and Ito lab M1 1.
Probability Test Review (What are your chances of passing?)
ODDS.  Another way to describe the chance of an event occurring is with odds. The odds in favor of an event is the ratio that compares the number of.
Chapter 23C: Expected Values of Discrete Random Variables The mean, or expected value, of a discrete random variable is 1.
Probability of Independent and Dependent Events
Game Theory “How to Win the Game!”.
Whiteboardmaths.com © 2004 All rights reserved
Expected Value.
Probability of Independent and Dependent Events
Probability of Independent and Dependent Events
الأستاذ المساعد بقسم المناهج وطرق التدريس
Probability of Independent and Dependent Events
كيــف تكتـب خطـة بحـث سيئـة ؟؟
الدكتـور/ عبدالناصـر محمـد عبدالحميـد
Expected Value.
Warm Up Problem of the Day Lesson Presentation Lesson Quizzes.
Expected Value.
Gain Expected Gain means who much – on average – you would expect to win if you played a game. Example: Mark plays a game (for free). He throws a coin.
Fun… Tree Diagrams… Probability.
Let’s Win a Lollipop! Door 1 Door 2 Door 3 Win! You pick...and stay with and the Lose.   You pick...and stay with... Door 1 Door 2 Door 3 ...and.
Types of Events Groups of 3 Pick a Card
Probability of Independent and Dependent Events
Team-building Workshop: Heads or Tails
Presentation transcript:

Parrondo’s Paradox Noel-Ann Bradshaw University of Greenwich

Game A Biased Coin: Heads I win £1 Tails you win £1 P(Heads) = 0.5 – ε where ε = A losing game for heads

Game B Two Biased Coins: Heads I win £1 Tails you win £1 If your winnings are a multiple of 3 play with coin 1 otherwise use coin 2.

Game B Coin 1: P(Heads) = 0.1 – ε Coin 2: P(Heads) = 0.75 – ε A losing game for heads

I lose!

Next Offer Suppose we play a random mixture of games: So randomly play Game A or Game B Same odds / same conditions. Do you still want to play?

I Win!

Parrondo’s Paradox