Open Access to Electronic Theses and Dissertations Case Study of Central Library, JNU ************************************** Dr. Ramesh C Gaur PGDCA, MLISc,Ph.D. Fulbright Scholar (Virginia Tech, USA University Librarian Jawaharlal Nehru University(JNU) New Meharuli Road, New Delhi - 110067 Tele +91-11-26742605, 26704551 Fax : +91-11-26741603 Email: rcgaur@mail.jnu.ac.in ;rcgaur66@gmail.com URL: www.jnu.ac.in Brief Profile: http://www.jnu.ac.in/Library/RameshCGaur.htm

Theses and dissertations have long been regarded as the bedrock of graduate education. They are scholarly works that take years to research and write … However, the vast majority of these works languish in obscurity in college and university libraries and archives. The best way to bring this research to light is to publish it electronically and give to students and researchers free and open access to theses documents via the World Wide Web. Fineman, Yale. (2003). Electronic theses and dissertations. Libraries and the academy, 3(2), 219-227.

Theses and Dissertation collections in Indian Libraries Even today Most of the University Libraries are denying free and open access to even print Thesis and Dissertation collections Fear of Copying Mind set Ignorance

History Yale University awarded one of the earliest doctorates in 1861 for a six-page handwritten dissertation. UMI Microfilm/Paper Repository of TD since 1939; ETD after 1997 In 1987, UMI hosted an ETD workshop, and in 1992 and 1994 representatives from at least ten universities held meetings. In 1996, the Southeastern Universities Research Association (SURA) provided $90,000 to Virginia Tech to explore ETDs as SGML documents and the project staff developed a still-evolving Document Type Definition called ETD-ML. To extend ETDs to the national level, in 1997 Virginia Tech received funding from the U.S. Department of Education’s Fund for the Improvement of Post-Secondary Education (FIPSE; $207,000) NDLTD The Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations calls for a sustainable, worldwide, collaborative, educational initiative of universities committed to encouraging students to prepare electronic documents and to use digital libraries

Why OA to ETD? Now all Theses and Dissertations are born digital only ETDs are royalty-free works of research literature. Their authors lose no revenue by consenting to OA. ETDs are not formally published. Hence there are no publishers ETD are from Universities By making ETDs visible, OA helps the readers who wouldn't otherwise have ready access. But it also helps the ETD authors, boosting their visibility and impact just as it does for the authors of journal articles Universities are in a good position to mandate OA. They can make it a simple condition of submission and acceptance. Moreover UGC can act as catalyst in the process An OA mandate will elicit better work Finally, an OA mandate shows that the university takes the dissertation seriously

Electronic Theses and Dissertations - Copyright, Open Access and Publishing Who owns the copyright of a thesis or dissertation? What is open access, and how does it apply to thesis or dissertation? limit the release of OA to thesis or dissertation? Plagiarism

Theses and dissertations have long been regarded as the bedrock of graduate education. They are scholarly works that take years to research and write … However, the vast majority of these works languish in obscurity in college and university libraries and archives. The best way to bring this research to light is to publish it electronically and give to students and researchers free and open access to theses documents via the World Wide Web. Fineman, Yale. (2003). Electronic theses and dissertations. Libraries and the academy, 3(2), 219-227.

OTHER OA ETD Repositories ADT (Australiasian Digital Theses Program) This search portal provides searching, browsing, and access to ETDs produced in Australia. Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertacoes A search tool for accessing ETDs produced in Brazilian universities. Cybertesis A portal developed jointly by the University of Chile, the Universites de Lyon, Montreal, and Alexandrie, and the University of Geneva for accessing full text ETDs from many countries, including Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, France, Hong Kong, Mexico, Peru, Spain, and the United States. DART-Europe E-theses Portal A discovery service for open access research theses awarded by European universities. Deusche National Bibliothek Dissertations since 1998 are available via search in the German National Library. DiVA This portal provides access to ETDs and research publications written at 26 institutions in Scandinavia. EThOS Electronic Theses Online Service (EThOS) offers free access, in a secure format, to the full text of electronically stored UK theses--a rich and vast body of knowledge. NARCIS This search portal provides access to ETDs produced in the Netherlands, as well as access to a variety of other research and data sets. National ETD Portal (South Africa) This search portal provides access to ETDs produced in South Africa. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Many university libraries provide password access to this commercial database, but the link above also provides access for individuals without a connection to a research library. The collection includes most recent North American ETDs and selective coverage for other regions of the world. RCAAP - Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal The RCAAP's mission is to promote, support and facilitate the adoption of the open access movement in Portugal. RCAAP The project aims to: increase the visibility, accessibility and dissemination of academic activity and Portuguese scientific research, facilitating the management and access to information about scientific production and integrate Portugal into a set of international initiatives.  This portal offers a union catalog with digital contents from more than 30 institutions. Theses Canada A union catalog of Canadian theses and dissertations, in both electronic and analog formats, is available through the search interface on this portal. WorldCat NDLTD Union Catalog hosted by OCLC.

Indian ETD Initiatives ICSSR Theses repository Vidyanidhi: http://www.vidyanidhi.org.in/ Indian Institute of science : http://etd.ncsi.iisc.ernet.in/ Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore : http://www.opendoar.org/find.php?rID=149&format=full

ETD@JNU Approval of Academic Council, JNU Signing of MOU with INFLIBNET Funding Plan

National Seminar on Managing Electronic Theses and Dissertations 22-23 March 2012 - National Seminar on Managing Electronic Theses and Dissertations was organized by Central Library, JNU on at Convention Centre, JNU. JNU Library in collaboration with INFLIBNET Centre, Ahmedabad organized a two-day “National Seminar on ‘Managing Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)” on 22-23 March 2012. The Seminar was attended by over 300 participants from various institutions and universities in India. The experts from various parts of the country delivered talks. The key-note address was delivered by Dr. Vinod Chachra, Member, Boards of Directors Network Digital Library for Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD), USA. The discussions held in the Seminar were very useful and provided a blue print for creation of ETD archive in various universities in India.

Workshop on “Development of Institutional Repository using Dspace with special reference to creation of ETD Archive 23-27 July 2012 - Workshop on “Development of Institutional Repository using Dspace with special reference to creation of ETD Archive” jointly organized by JNU and INFLIBNET. This workshop is intended to equip participants with skills for developing their own digital libraries/institutional repositories. There will be lectures as well as intensive hands-on training sessions by experts in the field. Thus it will greatly help participants to update their skills to build up digital repositories. The workshop trained the professionals about; To provide background knowledge of the digital library( in particularly Dspace) To provide hands-on experience in using DSpace software  How to handle and involved in installing, administering and customising the DSpace software. The advanced features of 1.8.3 version – tools, RSS feeds for podcasts, discovery faceted searching and browsing system, ability to enable automatic virus checking during item upload etc.

Award of Digitization contract In-house Outsourcing Outside Projects Collaborations Tendering – Two bid systems Quality Checking Archival Systems

Tender Document and award of contract for Digitization of theses and dissertations at JNU Scope Objectives Job specifications Technical specifications Sample submission Technical Committee Sample digitization work Contract agreement In-house team to check the quality

Digitization Process at JNU for ETD Receiving → Unbinding → Preparing Document (File preparation) → Scanning (Single Page TIFF) → Quality Control → Copy editing → Clearing (Image ‘X’) → Rechecking → OCRing → Conversion to searchable PDF(A) → Quality Control → Final Output → Binding → Back to Shelf

Scanning

Cleaning of Image

Research Writings Most important things to follow What is Plagiarism Types of Plagiarism Preventing plagiarism when writing What is citation? How do I cite sources? Citation styles Listing References Quoting Material What's a Bibliography? What are Footnotes? Plagiarism Check, Grammar Check & Tutoring Important Terms

Access to ETD@JNU Metdata Uploading on Library Server and access using ILMS Creation of Institutional Repositories using DSPACE Providing copies to SHODHGANGA for open access Creation of ETD Lab Organisation of Author Workshops Turitin account – to check the plagiarism Change of Guidelines for submission of these and dissertations

Conclusion Shodhganga is a good initiative but….. OA to ETD can contribute in increasing both quality and quantity of Research in Indian Universities It can check the plagiarism Can also check duplication of efforts Can help Industry in furthering the research OA to ETD can be done with very little efforts

Refrences http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/presentations/ETDgenreALL.pdf http://publications.drdo.gov.in/ojs/index.php/djlit/article/view/149/64 http://crl.acrl.org/content/early/2012/04/05/crl-356.full.pdf+html www.ndltd.org Peter Suber, Open Access to Electronic Theses and Dissertations, DESIDOC Journal of Library and Information Technology, Vol. 28, No. 1, January 2008, pp. 25-34© 2008, DESIDOC