Theodore “Teddy” Roosevelt

Overarching Question What did Roosevelt do to earn immortalization at Mount Rushmore? So……………..after studying about the life and work of Theodore Roosevelt, YOU decide why YOU THINK he was placed among such prestigious company (George Washington - the father of our country, Thomas Jefferson - author of the Declaration of Independence, and Abraham Lincoln - the “Great Emancipator” who united the country).

Young Teddy Born in NYC Son of a merchant Well-traveled – Middle East and Europe Severe asthma Homeschooled

Teenager Teddy Worked hard in his father’s home gym Learned to overcome illnesses through strength of his will

TR: The Athlete Entered Harvard in 1876 Sculling and boxing Married Alice Hathaway Lee – daughter of wealthy NE family

Early Adult Years 1881 – Climbed the Matterhorn on honeymoon February 12, 1884 – birth of daughter, Alice February 14, Death of mother and wife Retreat to the Badlands

Life in the Badlands Lived life of cowboy Learned lessons in the Badlands – “Took the snob out of me” Love of the open land Shaped future policies – Land conservation

TR’s Life with Edith Marriage to Edith Kermit Carow – hometown sweetheart Tales of Teddy Roosevelt and his six children (Quentin is not yet born) – White House Gang

Early Career President of the NYC Board of Police Commissioners Created one of first police academies Prowled streets at night Reduced corruption

Rough Riders Resigned as Secretary of Navy during Spanish-American War – Roosevelt started volunteer regiment Victory at San Juan Hill Congressional Medal of Honor 103 years later

McKinley/Roosevelt Ticket Gov. of NYC 1898 NYC Republican Party bosses wanted pesky TR out of state Roosevelt’s progressive campaign style v. McKinley's backporch

Roosevelt Becomes President Assassination of McKinley in 1901 Youngest president ever at 42 years

Origin of “Teddy Bear” Famous bear hunt in 1902 "Teddy Bears" named in his honor

The Bully Pulpit How things “ought to be” Could connect with everybody Beginning of modern day president A bully pulpit speech in Evanston, Illinois

Roosevelt as Conservationist National Reclamation Act 1902 – funds for dams, reservoirs, canals out west Preserved national parks, national forests – 230,000,000 acres President Theodore Roosevelt at Yosemite in 1903.

Hetch Hetchy Controversy Grassy meadow in Yosemite Wanted to build dam after 1906 San Fran earthquake John Muir brought to referendum TR left it to U.S. Forest Service head Gifford Pinchot

Panama Canal: Roosevelt’s Most Famous Foreign Policy Initiative Here TR inspects the canal construction in Panama in Panama Canal critical to Navy's success. French originally attempted to build canal. U.S. supported a Panamanian revolt from Colombia – U.S. secured a treaty with Panama to develop canal.

Big Stick Diplomacy Roosevelt Corollary – extended Monroe Doctrine (1823) – U.S. will intervene if South American nations need help A favorite proverb, "Speak softly and carry a big stick.... " What do you think this means?

The Square Deal A fair shake for all – educating public to eliminate corporate abuses Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 – Lied about opium, cocaine, alcohol in children's medicine Meat Inspection Act of 1906 – Upton Sinclair – Government inspected factories

Attack on Laissez Faire Work to curb the power of trusts "within reasonable limits" Roosevelt the “Trust Buster” Created Department of Commerce and Labor Filed against monopolies under Sherman Anti- trust Act – Difficult to slow mergers

Elkins Act and Hepburn RR Act Elkins Act 1903 – illegal for railroad officials from giving and taking rebates - Had to notify public of rate changes Hepburn RR Regulations Act Regulation run by gov't, not private sector

TR Saves Football American Football Rules Committee formed 18 deaths and 159 serious injuries in 1904 Players locked arms in mass formations and used their helmetless heads as battering rams. Gang tackles routinely buried ball carriers underneath a ton and a half of tangled humanity. “In life, as in a football game, the principle to follow is: Hit the line hard; don’t foul and don’t shirk, but hit the line hard!” TR

Civil Rights Closed station when Mississippi did not accept black postmistress Booker T. Washington dined at White House

1902 Coal Strike 140,000 miners in PA struck demanding 20% raise, 9-hr work day, right to organize Roosevelt intervened – because public welfare in question Sent in federal troops Miners – "woodheaded owners"

Presidential Firsts First to have Secret Service protection First to win Nobel Peace Prize for his work towards ending the Russo-Japanese War – 1905 – Portsmouth Peace Treaty First to take trip outside the United States

Panic of 1907 Overproduction led to banking and stock market crashes J.P. Morgan pooled assets to stabilize, forbade Wall Street to close TR slaughtering bears in LA Came at a time when 25% senators were millionaires

More Presidential Firsts First to give an open invitation to the press First to be submerged in a submarine, to own a car, to have a telephone in his home, and to be allowed to operate the light switches in the White House

Roosevelt Hand Picks Taft Theodore Roosevelt with incoming President William Howard Taft on Taft's inauguration day in 1909 William Howard Taft

Roosevelt Loses to Wilson “Progressive Bull Moose” loses in 1912 “Progressive Bull Moose” Life goes on Theodore Roosevelt at the wedding of his daughter Ethel to Richard Derby.

1912 Presidential Election

Taft in a Nutshell Payne-Aldrich Tariff – went back on word to lower tariffs Supported: 16th Amendment – federal income tax 17th Amendment – popular election of senators Angered people by replacing Secretary of Interior James R. Garfield with Richard A. Ballinger Tried to invalidate TR's removal of 1 million reserved acres

An Older Theodore Roosevelt Agony over the death of Quentin in World War I "Grandfather" Roosevelt hugs baby granddaughter Edith Roosevelt Derby, 1918.

Roosevelt’s Death "The old lion is dead." "The old lion is dead." Photo shows the burial of Theodore Roosevelt, January 1919 in Young’s Memorial Cemetery, Oyster Bay, NY.

Works Cited "Theodore Roosevelt Collection." Harvard College Library. 4 Dec 2006.