Insights Ch 28 Progressivism- movement by government to respond to the will of the people by creating laws that regulated business and protecting the rights of workers ID- Room in a Tenement Flat (657) Summary 1- Who was the photographer of the photo? How many people live in this room? Jacob Riis, 7 OI- Progressive roots 1)Why were Progressives (Greenbacks and Populists) upset? Corporations and Robber Barons, the few, had most of the power and wealth in US 2) What did Jacob Riis expose? New York slums in How the Other Half Lives (poverty, rats, disease) 3) What did Social Gospel Proponents base their message on? Christian teachings that the well off, middle class, should help the less fortunate, poor

Jacob Riis

Jacob Riis- Immigrants

Jacob Riis-Ghetto

ID- Ida Tarbell (658) Summary 2-What company did Tarbell expose for wrong doing? Who was the owner of that company? Standard Oil, John Rockefeller OI- Raking Muck with the Muckrakers 4) What was a muckraker? Reporter that exposed problems in society to enflame the people and get Gov. to act 5) What did Lincoln Stephens expose? Shame of the Cities- Corruption between big business and local governments (political machines) 6) What did David Phillips expose? “Treason of the Senate”- claimed that 2/3’s of the senate did not work for the people but instead the RRs and trusts 17 th Amendment- Direct Election of Senators- before Senators were elected by state legislatures (Why is that a problem?) People now directly elected senators so that the senate was responsible to the people

ID- Suffragette Parade in Brooklyn (660) Summary 3- What do you feel is the goal of these protestors? (define suffrage) To earn women the right to vote OI- Political Progressive 7) What were the two goals of Progressives? Use state governments to break up trusts/monopolies (return political power to the people) Improve the conditions of workers and their lives (have government set rules and regulations that limited the workday, earn decent $, safe working conditions 16 th Amendment- Income Tax- way to have all people, esp. wealthy, share their money and provide services for all people 8) How did Progressives want to reform the Senate? Direct election of Senators 17 th Amendment- people elect Senators, not corrupt legislators 9) What was the main goal of women Progressives? Earn the right to vote 19 th Amendment (1919)- right to vote for women

President Theodore Roosevelt- progressive president, 1 st Pres. to stand up and regulate trusts, sided w. people over business, not corrupt!!!

ID- Excerpt (665) “Roosevelt was a charismatic figure…” Summary 4- How would you describe Roosevelt’s outlook on life? Person full of life, idealism, positive outlook on life “strenuous Life” OI- TR’s Square Deal for Labor 10) Why did Pres. Roosevelt feel the Gov. should help solve the mine strike? People in the cities would have frozen to death if the strike was not settled Felt Gov. could not be laissez-faire if all Americans were affected 11) How did Roosevelt threaten the mine owners? Threatened to take over the mines and use the troops to run the mines 12) How was TR’s reaction to the mine strike different than gov. attitudes toward involvement in business previously? 1 st time government/President sided with the people/workers over the Robber Barons/Trusts/business

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire (664)- lethal fire in an garment sweatshop, 146 women died (burned, jumped f. 8/9 th story windows) No fire escapes or access to stairs, doors locked from outside to keep women at their work Convinced people that Gov. had to make laws that forced business to have safety standards for workers

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

ID- Sausage Making (667) Summary 5- What act was passed that allowed inspectors to look over dirty slaughterhouses? Meat Inspection Act OI- Caring for the Consumer 13) Explain what The Jungle was about Exposed the dirty conditions in the meat packing industry 14) What were some items that could be found in meat? Dead rats, rope ends, splinters, feces 15) How did TR try to solve this issue exposed in The Jungle? Meat Inspection Act- allowed Gov. to inspect meat packing plants (USDA inspection) Pure Food and Drug Act- forbid mislabeling drugs and false claims (all drugs legal at this time) Why is it important that gov. get involved in the food and drug industries and not stay laissez-faire? All people eat and could die if they eat contaminated food or drugs

The Jungle- Upton Sinclair exposed filthy all meat slaughterhouse conditions were

ID- High Point for Conservation (668) Summary 6-Who is the man standing next to Pres. Roosevelt and where are they standing? John Muir, founder of Sierra Club (first and largest environmental organization), Yosemite (one of 1 st national parks) OI- Earth Control 16) What were most Americans attitudes toward the environment? Wasteful, assumed US natural resources were unlimited 17) What and who were on the two sides in the Hetch Hetchy controversy? 1.Hetch Hetchy is a beautiful valley in Yosemtie, SF wanted to dam the valley to provide water for SF) 2.John Muir- wanted to preserve the valley, leave it untouched 3.Gifford Pinchot- wilderness was a waste HH was dammed to provide water for SF National Parks created- (Forest Reserve Act) 46 million acres of land set aside not to be logged, Yosemite becomes National Park 18) What was Pinchot’s and TR’s view on preserving the environment/forests? Balance preservation and commercial use

National Parks and Yosemite

Yosemite

ID- Baby Kiss Papa Good-Bye Summary 6- Who was the President that took over after Pres. Roosevelt? William Taft (heaviest Pres.) Summary 7- What did TR expect of the next President? What happened in reality? Taft would continue TR’s policies, Taft did his own thing, upset TR OI- Taft: A Round Peg in a Square Hole, The Dollar Goes Abroad as a Diplomat 19) What leadership skill did TR possess that Taft lacked? Personality, leadership, charisma 20) Define Dollar Diplomacy (in your own words) Taft’s Foreign Policy- US will aid Latin American countries by trying to invest/pay them to follow our lead ($ went to dictators that supported US companies in Latin American countries) Big Stick Policy- TR uses the threat of force and invasion to keep Latin America in line with US policies