AP Psychology Test Review Ch 4 – Sensation and Perception

Weber’s Law aims to explain: 25 The difference between two thresholds The just noticeable difference between multiple thresholds How we adapt to our surroundings That loudness is the key determinant of recognition The sensory abilities of people are the same 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Conversion Emersion Eversion Transduction Transformation 25 The process by which sensory information is converted into neural energy is called: Conversion Emersion Eversion Transduction Transformation 25 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

The bones of his middle ear The hair cells of his inner ear Seventy-five-year-old Timothy has difficulty hearing high-pitched sounds. Most likely his hearing problem involves: His eardrum His auditory canal The bones of his middle ear The hair cells of his inner ear The inner limbic system :25 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Assimilation Schematic Conversion Accommodation Perceptual shift Little Susan has a dog at home. She visits a park and sees a deer. Last year when she saw a deer, she called it a dog. This year, she called it by it’s right name. What process has occurred here? 25 Assimilation Schematic Conversion Accommodation Perceptual shift None of the above 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

During the process of visual capture, why does your sense of sight dominate over your other senses? The sense of sight is the most powerful of the senses The sense of sight is the most evolved of the senses The sense of hearing is overloaded Figure and ground affect our ability to converge on a focused object All of the above 25 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Participant Scores Participant 1 Participant 2 Participant 3 Participant 1 Participant 2 Participant 3 Participant 4 Participant 5

A child seeing shoes with shoelaces for the very first time instead of Velcro would be using this type of processing to understand her situation. Bottom –up processing Top-down processing Both bottom-up and top-down processing Perceptual constancy None of the above 25 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

How are your sense of touch and sense of hearing similar? 25 They both have a long process of transmission They both involve transduction They can be unreliable Both 1 and 3 None of the above 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

The theory that best accounts for the experience of pain is: 25 The opponent-process theory Weber’s law The trichromatic theory The direct perception theory The gate control theory 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Perception; perception Sensation; perception Perception; Sensation Tasting a carrot is ______; remembering that you hate the taste of carrots is ______. 25 Sensation; sensation Perception; perception Sensation; perception Perception; Sensation None of the above is correct 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Vestibular canals Nerve Endings Sensory pathways Olfactory epithelium Nerve impulses that carry information about the external world travel along ____ to specialized processing areas in the brain. 25 Vestibular canals Nerve Endings Sensory pathways Olfactory epithelium Photoreceptors 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Participant Scores Participant 1 Participant 2 Participant 3 Participant 1 Participant 2 Participant 3 Participant 4 Participant 5

Difference threshold Equilibrium Vestibular sense Olfaction If you are able to taste one teaspoon of salt in a bucketful of hot buttered popcorn, this amount is above your: 25 Difference threshold Equilibrium Vestibular sense Olfaction Absolute threshold 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Blood vessels Cones Optic nerve Retina Bipolar cells The blind spot refers to the region of the eye at which the ______ exit(s) the eye: Blood vessels Cones Optic nerve Retina Bipolar cells 25 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Frequency and amplitude Volume and loudness Loudness and speed The pure sound that is produced when you strike a tuning fork has the physical properties of: 25 Timbre and pitch Frequency and amplitude Volume and loudness Loudness and speed Key and intensity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Place the following in the correct order concerning how a message travels through the ear. Tympanic membrane, hammer/anvil/stirrup, basilar membrane, cochlea, auditory nerve Tympanic membrane, hammer/anvil/stirrup, cochlea, basilar membrane, auditory nerve Hammer/anvil/stirrup, tympanic membrane, cochlea, basilar membrane, auditory nerve Cochlea, Basilar membrane, tympanic membrane, hammer/anvil/stirrup, auditory nerve Tympanic membrane, cochlea, hammer/anvil/stirrup, basilar membrane, auditory nerve 25 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Place theory argues that sounds of different frequencies induce vibration in different areas of the: Hammer Basilar membrane Auditory nerve Temporal lobe Tympanic membrane 25 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Participant Scores Participant 1 Participant 2 Participant 3 Participant 1 Participant 2 Participant 3 Participant 4 Participant 5

The receptors for body position and movement are located: 25 In the parietal cortex In the inner ear In the outer layer of the skin Within the corpus callosum Within the spinal cord 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

25 Location constancy Closure The law of common fate Your dog has been lost for three days, and you cannot stop thinking about him. When you hear a bark, you assume that it is Fuzzy, because of: 25 Location constancy Closure The law of common fate Bottom-up processing Top-down processing 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Closure The law of proximity The placebo effect Color constancy The concept of ______ explains why a shirt looks the same shade of orange in dim light or in sunlight. 25 Closure The law of proximity The placebo effect Color constancy Olfaction 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Proximity Illusory contour Figure-ground Ambiguity Continuity 25 As you view an abstract painting, you eventually see the red as the people and the black as the background. This demonstrates: 25 Proximity Illusory contour Figure-ground Ambiguity Continuity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Proximity Similarity Figure-ground Continuity Common fate 25 According to the Gestalt principle of ______, even when we see a line take a 90 degree turn, we still see it as the same line. 25 Proximity Similarity Figure-ground Continuity Common fate 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Participant Scores Participant 1 Participant 2 Participant 3 Participant 1 Participant 2 Participant 3 Participant 4 Participant 5