VIRTUALIZATION WITH SOLARIS A.V.Bogdanov, PyaeSoneKoKo State Marine Technical University, St.petersburg

Network virtualization Storage virtualization Server virtualization

Full virtualization Paravirtualization OS resource virtualization

Better utilization of hardware resources Reduced time to market High availability Disaster recovery Testing new technologies Migrating services to new platforms

Solaris zones Linux branded zones Xen (dom0 and domU) Crossbow (virtualized network stacks) More to come …

 Better isolation as compared to a chroot (chroot jail).  Low overhead. LXC uses minimal resources in terms of RAM and hard drive space without the overhead of installing a guest OS in a virtual machine ( VMWare / VirtualBox / KVM ).  Applications and services (servers) run at native speed.  There is support for Linux containers in libvirt.  Linux containers work well with btrfs.  No special hardware is required, runs on 32 and 64 bit processors.  Linux containers are Open source.  Unlike XEN or OpenVZ, no patch is required to the kernel.

 Create control group filesystem as the root user. # mkdir -p /cgroup # mount none -t cgroup /cgroup Add to fstab so it will be there after a reboot. # vi /etc/fstab and add line below none /cgroup cgroup defaults 0 0  Applications to install. # apt-get install libvirt-bin debootstrap  We need to download and install this pkg. lxc_ _amd64.deb # dpkg -i lxc_ _amd64.deb

 # Create a container # lxc-create -f /path/to/{CONTAINER_NAME}/main/config/file -n {CONTAINER_NAME} # lxc-create -f /etc/lxc/lxc-centos.conf -n centos Create a rootfs directory # mkdir /var/lib/lxc/centos/rootfs  Copy files you worked on earlier. # cp -r /home/yourhomeidirectory/LXC/Centos5-x86_64/* /var/lib/lxc/{CONTAINER_NAME}/rootfs # cp -r /home/yourhomeidirectory/LXC/Centos5- x86_64/* /var/lib/lxc/centos/rootfs  Create this file for creating and setup default devices for your containers. # vi /usr/local/bin/lxc-config and add information below, also only needs to be run once for every new container you create.

 # cd /var/lib/lxc/CONTAINER_NAME}/rootfs/ # cd /var/lib/lxc/centos/rootfs/ # /usr/local/bin/lxc-config # fix /dev  Chrooting into the rootfs file system for centos # chroot /var/lib/lxc/centos/rootfs/ Setup root password for your container. # passwd root  Start or Remove some services from running # chkconfig sshd on # chkconfig httpd on # chkconfig xinetd off # chkconfig sendmail off  When finish type exit to finish chroot session.

 Destroy container and files # lxc-destroy -n {CONTAINER_NAME} # lxc-destroy -n centos Start container # lxc-start -n {CONTAINER_NAME} init # lxc-start -n centos init  Stop container # lxc-stop -n {CONTAINER_NAME} # lxc-stop -n centos  Connect to tty console # lxc-console -n centos -t 1 doesn’t seem to work for me.  Check your configuration # lxc-checkconfig  List containers # lxc-ls If you receive this error lxc-ls warning, got bogus unix line, reinstall uml-utiilities # sudo apt-get –reinstall install uml-utilities  Is it RUNNING or STOPPED # lxc-info -n {CONTAINER_NAME} # lxc-info -n centos

Containers may be used for a number of different reasons. These include:  Resource partitioning with maximum performance.  Multiple secure applications instances (e.g. a walled garden).  Process isolation (e.g. process jails).  GPL insulation.

1. Reduced overhead1. Reduced flexibility 2. Increased density2. Decreased isolation 3. Reduced sprawl

“LXC linux containers are reliable and predictable – and has what we need in an operating system. The Solaris OS also allows multiple applications to be consolidated onto a single system through virtualization, which makes it an ideal solution for standardization. Virtualization features ensure high availability, which is critical to Argonne’s environment.”

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