Greek Philosophy and History

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Presentation transcript:

Greek Philosophy and History

I can identify some of the ideas developed by Greek philosophers that are still used today. I can define the terms philosophy and philosopher I can identify the ancient Greek philosophers and their contributions to the Greek civilization. Greek philosophers

Definitions Philosophy – study of the nature of the meaning of life; comes from the Greek word for “love of wisdom” Philosopher – Greek thinker who believed the human mind could understand everything

Pythagoras Taught his pupils that the universe followed the same laws that governed music and numbers. Pythagorean theorem [a2+b2=c2] that is still used in geometry to figure out the length of the sides of a triangle.

Sophists People should use knowledge to improve themselves There is no absolute right or wrong Developed art of public speaking and debates Used today in political debates

Socrates There is absolute right and wrong Socratic method of teaching Methods influence the way teachers interact with students Was sentenced to death because of his teachings

More philosophers Philosopher-Kings should rule society Plato Aristotle Philosopher-Kings should rule society Wrote the Republic Government should be fair and just Student of Socrates Divided government into 3 basic types Wrote over 200 books Taught his pupils the “golden mean” Student of Plato

How did Aristotle’s idea of government differ from Plato’s? Aristotle favored mixed government with rule by the many, while Plato described a state with three distinct classes

Review

They believed the human mind could understand everything. a. Epicureans c. Stoics b. Sophists d. Philosophers

Who was sentenced to death for his teachings? a. Archimedes c. Ares b. Socrates d. Plato

Aristotle taught his students to follow a. Golden rule c. Golden mean b. Golden fleece d. None of these

Who taught that government should be headed by philosopher-kings? a. Alexander the Great c. Aristophanes b. Plato d. Jason

Taught that the universe followed the same rules as music and numbers a. Aristotle c. Pythagoras b. Herodotus d. Thucydides

Taught that there was no absolute right or wrong a. Sophists c. Aristotle b. Herodotus d. Pythagoras

How did Aristotle’s idea of government differ from Plato’s? Aristotle favored mixed government with rule by the many, while Plato described a state with three distinct classes

Greeks wrote the first real histories in Western Civilization Greek Historians

The Historians Wrote the History of the Persian Wars Herodotus Thucydides Wrote the History of the Persian Wars Western historians consider him the father of history Considered by many as the greatest historian of the ancient world Lost a battle and was sent into exile Wrote History of the Peloponnesian War

Herodotus wrote The Odyssey b. The Book of the Dead c. The History of the Persian Wars d. Antigone

Considered by some to be the greatest historian of the ancient world. a. Socrates c. Thucydides b. Aristotle d. Plato

The End