Aristotle October 22, 2007. Aristotle the Stagirite Born in Stagira Studied 20 years under Plato Started own school, Lyceum Tutored Alexander the Great.

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Aristotle October 22, 2007

Aristotle the Stagirite Born in Stagira Studied 20 years under Plato Started own school, Lyceum Tutored Alexander the Great Interests wide and varied: biology, logic, literary criticism, poetry, rhetoric, ethics, metaphysics, and politics

Happiness: the Purpose of Man Nature gives all things a purpose Man’s purpose: flourishing (happiness) A virtuous activity Achieving happiness is limited by material necessities and fortune

The Golden Mean Virtue A character trait Lying in a mean Determined by reason And prudence The Golden Mean Between 2 extremes Example Courage: between rashness and cowardice The mean is a kind of excellence

Aristotle on Tragedy Representation of a serious action Most important element: plot Effective devices –Reversal –Discovery –Calamity Tragedy excites pity and fear in audience

Plato vs. Aristotle Plato –Material world not the true reality –Soul trapped inside the body –We learn by contemplating “forms” –Virtue through education (“forms”) Aristotle –Material world IS the true reality –Soul is the full potential of the body –We learn through experience –Virtue in the Golden Mean