Deals with the measurement and description of the features of the seas and coastal areas for the primary purpose of navigation Hydrography
GPS Satellites Kinematic GPS Plate Boundary Reference Points On land Acoustic Ranging Seafloor Reference Point Trench Survey Vessel Slide credit: Masayuki FUJITA, Japan Coast Guard Hydrographers use many high tech tools
Receive Beams “beams” 20° fore-aft, 1° - 5° athwart Transmit Beam 1° - 5° fore-aft 90° - 170° athwart Depth Point Intersection of the transmit beam and one of the receive beams Slide credit: Dave Wells Multibeam Sonar
Rendered by Sirius Solutions, Dartmouth NS Slide credit: Dave Wells Pockmark found in English Bay To obtain dramatic results such as a view of the Empress of Ireland