Value of Animals to Humanity Chapter 2

FOOD USES Value of Animals to Humanity

Nutrients The nutrients provided by meat are important for human survival. Protein and energy are quantitative (in plenty) & qualitative (quality) and hold lots of vitamins and minerals.

Annual per capita Per capita- per unit of population, by or for each person Ranges: 300 lbs of meat (affluent countries) to very little (poor countries) Meat production rises 2% each year

Meat Production Animal Order Pig – 38% Chicken – 28% Beef- 23% Together equaling- 89% Others (11%) include in order: Sheep, duck, turkey, goat, rabbit, equine, etc

EDIBLE SLAUGHTER BY-PRODUCTS Value of Animals to Humanity

By-Products The substances and products of value remaining after the products of greatest value have been removed

In Developed Countries Considered specialty foods and are called Variety Meats Most widely used: Liver, edible fat, blood, hides, and bones Brain & Spinal cords are rarely used now due to Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)

Milk & Milk Products Milk provides much needed protein, energy, minerals, and vitamins Per capita ranges from 500lbs to none (worldwide) Increases 2% each year

Amount of Milk By Species Cattle- 83.3% Buffalo- 12.9% Goats- 2.2% Sheep-1.4% Camel-.2%

Dairying Impact Dairying has been promoted in developing countries for several decodes by several major international agencies WHY? + Provides year-long employment + Year-long income + Efficient in turning animal feed into people feed + Improved nutrition

Miscellaneous Food Uses World production of honey is estimated by the FAO at just over 1.5 million MT (metric tons) per year Blood though vein puncture Tibetan nomads and African tribes may use fat from tail of fat-tailed sheep Hides and Skins

NONFOOD USES OF AGRICULTURAL ANIMALS Value of Animals to Humanity

Social Context Exploring contribution in greater detail and gives us all the opportunity to have an enhanced appreciation for human dependence on domestic animals. Do not need to write this down. Just purpose of this section

Body Coverings 1. Wool- sheep, goats (mohair & cashmere), and alpacas Many sources! Why? Renewable Resources 2. Feathers- for pillows, bedding, clothing, jewelry, adornments on clothing, fishing lures, and protein supplements 3. Silk – silk worms

Body Waste Compost Cooking Fuel Heating Fuel Construction Wound healing

Urine Enhance soil fertility in many parts of the world Some systems of leathering making use urine In Asia, cow urine is sprinkled on the dirt floor to control dust and pests Rinse hair in medicinal and religious ceremonies

Storage of Capital and Food Where banks are nonexistent

Cultural Uses 1.Exhibitions and Spectator Sports 2.Companionship and Services 3.Social Structure

INCOME Value of Animals to Humanity

Developed Countries Specialized animal income is nearly ½ of total agriculture income

Developing Countries Animals are a major sources of income, extra income from animals are used to buy improved seed & fertilizer which improves family’s standard of living. Economy is stimulated through increases availability, demand of jobs, & products.

CONSERVATION Value of Animals in Humanity

How does it compliment Conservation Practices? Controlling pests Adding manure to land Alley-cropping systems