EBOLA Virus Disease August 22, 2014

What is Ebola Virus Disease (EVD)? Ebola virus disease (also known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever) is a severe, often-fatal disease caused by infection with a species of Ebola virus. The first Ebola virus species was discovered in 1976 in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo near the Ebola River. Since then, outbreaks have appeared sporadically.

Ebola Outbreaks

Transmission Close contact with an infected person. Close contact Ebola is spread through direct contact with: blood or body fluids (such as saliva, sweat, semen, stool or urine) of an infected person or animal or through contact with objects that have been contaminated with the blood or other body fluids of an infected person.

Symptoms The incubation period ranges from 2 to 21 days (most commonly 8-10 days) Early symptoms include sudden fever, chills, and muscle aches. Nausea, vomiting, chest pain, sore throat, abdominal pain, and diarrhea may follow. Symptoms become increasingly severe mental confusion, bleeding inside and outside the body, shock, and multi-organ failure.

Treatment Standard treatment for Ebola HF is still limited to supportive therapy. Experimental drug therapy Zmapp, Tekmira Vaccines US, Canada

Current Situation Total Cases CDC Updated: August 19, 2014 Suspected and Confirmed Case Count: 2240 Suspected Case Deaths: 1229 Laboratory Confirmed Cases: 1383 WHO 18 Aug 2014 Total confirmed, probable, and suspect cases and deaths from Ebola virus disease : Cases: 2473 Deaths: US

Keeping Up What's New August 19, 2014: Interim Guidance for Environmental Infection Control in Hospitals for Ebola VirusInterim Guidance for Environmental Infection Control in Hospitals for Ebola Virus August 18, 2014: Sequence for Putting On and Removing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)[PDF - 2 pages]Sequence for Putting On and Removing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)[PDF - 2 pages] August 14, 2014: Guidance on Air Medical Transport for Patients with Ebola Virus DiseaseGuidance on Air Medical Transport for Patients with Ebola Virus Disease August 13, 2014: HAN 365: CDC Ebola Update #1HAN 365: CDC Ebola Update #1 August 12, 2014: What CDC is DoingWhat CDC is Doing

Infection Prevention Key Components of Standard, Contact, and Droplet Precautions Recommended for Prevention of EHF Transmission in U.S. Hospitals Patient Placement Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Patient Care Equipment Patient Care Considerations Aerosol Generating Procedures (AGPs) Hand Hygiene Environmental Infection Control Safe Injection practices Duration of Infection Control Precautions Monitoring and Management of Potentially Exposed Personnel Monitoring, Management, and Training of Visitors

Environmental Interim Guidance for Environmental Infection Control in Hospitals for Ebola Virus (8/19/14) Use a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)- registered hospital disinfectant with a label claim for a non-enveloped virus (e.g., norovirus, rotavirus, adenovirus, poliovirus) to disinfect environmental surfaces in rooms of patients with suspected or confirmed Ebola virus infection.

Case Definition Person Under Investigation (PUI) 1)Clinical criteria, which includes fever and additional symptoms such as severe headache, muscle pain, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, or unexplained hemorrhage; 2)AND Epidemiologic risk factors within the incubation period -contact with blood or other body fluids or human remains of a patient known to have or suspected to have EVD; - residence or travel in an area where EVD transmission is active -direct handling of bats, rodents, or primates from disease - endemic areas.

Interim Guidance for Monitoring and Movement of Persons with Ebola Virus Disease Exposure Exposure Level Clinical Presentation Public Health Actions 3 Conditional release: Monitoring by public health authority; twice-daily self-monitoring for fever; notify public health authority if fever or other symptoms develop 4 Controlled movement: Notification of public health authority; no travel by commercial conveyances (airplane, ship, and train), local travel for asymptomatic individuals (e.g. taxi, bus) should be assessed in consultation with local public health authorities; timely access to appropriate medical care if symptoms develop

Specimens Interim Guidance for Specimen Collection, Transport, Testing, and Submission for Patients with Suspected Infection with Ebola Virus Disease Specimens are to be sent to the Miami State Lab for testing after consultation with local health department. Specimens will be tested there by PCR and sent on to the CDC for additional testing. Specific instructions are available on the CDC website regarding: 1. collection, handling and shipment of Ebola diagnostic specimens 2. handling of other types of routine laboratory specimens within the hospital.

Additional Information CDC EOC at FDOH / PBC Epidemiology Program afterhours