24-Hour Food Recalls ( How and Why we use them)

Food Recalls Measure Program Effectiveness Change is our primary evaluation Change is our primary evaluation - food consumed -behavior changed We can prove that our programs make a difference We can prove that our programs make a difference It is our evaluation that keeps the funding coming year after year It is our evaluation that keeps the funding coming year after year

Goal of Food Recall Accurate and complete listing of all food and drink consumed in the last 24 hours.

When to Take Food Recalls Before you begin teaching Before you begin teaching After 3 to 6 lessons After 3 to 6 lessons At your last session At your last session

What We Want to Learn From the Food Recall What food was eaten? What food was eaten? How much was eaten? How much was eaten? How was it prepared? How was it prepared? How was it served? How was it served?

Use Your Food Recall Kit Each Time You Take A Recall It is easier for the participant to recall food and beverage amounts when you have visual aids It is easier for the participant to recall food and beverage amounts when you have visual aids Results will be more accurate Results will be more accurate Lay the contents of the kit out on the table where everyone can see them Lay the contents of the kit out on the table where everyone can see them

Contents of the Kit Measuring cups and spoons (Liquid and Dry) Measuring cups and spoons (Liquid and Dry) 4 oz. cup, 8 oz. cup, 12 oz, 16 oz, cup 4 oz. cup, 8 oz. cup, 12 oz, 16 oz, cup CD CD Deck of cards or the palm of your hand Deck of cards or the palm of your hand Food Models Food Models Red Dinner Plat Red Dinner Plat Plastic container with 2 to 3 cups of rice Plastic container with 2 to 3 cups of rice Plastic container with 2 to 3 cups of dried beans or dry cereal Plastic container with 2 to 3 cups of dried beans or dry cereal

Preparation for the Food Recall Plan minutes to take a recall Plan minutes to take a recall Need paper, pen, Food Recall Kit Need paper, pen, Food Recall Kit For groups, need posters For groups, need posters Use the Multi-Pass Method of taking the recall. Use the Multi-Pass Method of taking the recall.

Multi-Pass Method Step #1Quick List Step #2Detailed Description Step #3Review

Tips for getting better recalls Explain why you are asking questions Explain why you are asking questions Take the recall based on yesterday’s intake and work backwards Take the recall based on yesterday’s intake and work backwards Don’t approve or disapprove with body language or words Don’t approve or disapprove with body language or words Follow up Follow up

Tips for getting better recalls Relate eating to time of day and what they were doing to help them remember Relate eating to time of day and what they were doing to help them remember Use your Food Recall Kit—ask the participant to point to serving sizes Use your Food Recall Kit—ask the participant to point to serving sizes Use open-ended questions Use open-ended questions

Tips for getting better recalls Ask about added ingredients or condiments Ask about added ingredients or condiments Avoid labeling meals Avoid labeling meals Avoid leading questions Avoid leading questions

Guide to Interview: Opening Introduce yourself. Introduce yourself. Discuss purpose of the 24-hour recall. Discuss purpose of the 24-hour recall. Discuss purpose of what you will do with the client’s 24-hour recall. Discuss purpose of what you will do with the client’s 24-hour recall. Explain purpose of FNEP or EFNEP, depending on the person. Explain purpose of FNEP or EFNEP, depending on the person.

Establish Rapport Make small talk; find out about the person you are interviewing. Make small talk; find out about the person you are interviewing. Allow person to ask questions and make comments, as necessary. Allow person to ask questions and make comments, as necessary.

Comfort Zone Watch your own body language to make yourself look approachable. Watch your own body language to make yourself look approachable. Sit next to or near client, not directly across. Sit next to or near client, not directly across. Every person has a different comfort zone. Every person has a different comfort zone.

No Interruptions Allowing few interruptions shows the client that you care about him or her and want to give your full attention. Allowing few interruptions shows the client that you care about him or her and want to give your full attention. Ask the client if you can turn down the TV or Radio. Ask the client if you can turn down the TV or Radio. Turn sound off cell phone Turn sound off cell phone

Guide to Interview: Exploration Ask open-ended questions to help client remember foods eaten in the last 24 hours. Ask open-ended questions to help client remember foods eaten in the last 24 hours.

Be Attentive Look at interviewee while she or he is speaking. Look at interviewee while she or he is speaking. Nod or say “hmmm” to show that you are listening. Nod or say “hmmm” to show that you are listening. Ask detailed questions when interviewing. Ask detailed questions when interviewing. Non-verbal behavior shows your attentiveness, too! Non-verbal behavior shows your attentiveness, too!

Be Patient Be patient; not all clients know how to remember everything eaten in the last 24 hours. Be patient; not all clients know how to remember everything eaten in the last 24 hours. Allow for questions and comments. Allow for questions and comments.

Privacy Do not share information about other’s diets if not appropriate. Do not share information about other’s diets if not appropriate. Let client know that you respect his/her privacy and will keep things between the two of you. Let client know that you respect his/her privacy and will keep things between the two of you. Hold interview where client feels as if he/she has enough privacy. Hold interview where client feels as if he/she has enough privacy.

Take Notes Take notes to help you remember what was said and to help you discuss with the client what was eaten. Take notes to help you remember what was said and to help you discuss with the client what was eaten.

Be Sure to Ask! Quantities listed for each food? Use examples to show volume. Quantities listed for each food? Use examples to show volume. Bread eaten at a meal – what type? Is it whole wheat? Bread eaten at a meal – what type? Is it whole wheat? Type of fat added to foods – butter, margarine, etc.? Type of fat added to foods – butter, margarine, etc.?

Be Sure to Ask! Milk or sugar added to cereal, coffee, tea, etc.? Milk or sugar added to cereal, coffee, tea, etc.? List all ingredients in sandwich, salad, or casserole List all ingredients in sandwich, salad, or casserole Type of cereal? Type of cereal? Type of milk? Type of milk?

Be Sure to ask about Mixed Dishes Can request to see the label to determine ingredients, serving size, and calories—then ask how much the participant ate Can request to see the label to determine ingredients, serving size, and calories—then ask how much the participant ate If homemade, ask how much of each ingredient was used in the whole recipe—then ask how much of the whole they ate If homemade, ask how much of each ingredient was used in the whole recipe—then ask how much of the whole they ate

Don’t Forget How was food served? (What is added can be significant) How was food served? (What is added can be significant) How much water? How much water? How much alcohol did they consume? How much alcohol did they consume?

Guide to Interview: Closing Thank client for his/her patience and cooperation. Thank client for his/her patience and cooperation. Discuss questions and comments client might have. Discuss questions and comments client might have. Review 24-hour list. Review 24-hour list. Tell your client they will be receiving a printout of their food recall and a diet summary at your next visit Tell your client they will be receiving a printout of their food recall and a diet summary at your next visit Give your client a copy of “What Should I Eat?” Give your client a copy of “What Should I Eat?”

Group 24-Hour Dietary Recall Organize the participants into groups of five. Organize the participants into groups of five. Or keep the larger group intact Or keep the larger group intact Distribute the food recall forms Distribute the food recall forms Set up visual aides Set up visual aides

Multi-Pass Process Quick List Quick List Detailed Description Detailed Description Poster of probing questions Poster of probing questions Review Review

Closing Thank the participants Thank the participants Tell the participants that they will be getting a printout of their food recall and a summary of how their food intake meets USDA’s My Pyramid recommendations. Tell the participants that they will be getting a printout of their food recall and a summary of how their food intake meets USDA’s My Pyramid recommendations. Give each participant a copy of “What Should I Eat?” Give each participant a copy of “What Should I Eat?”