Model B3 Upgrade: Model Answers 2 © Oxford University Press 2011 Bats Foundation tier question Click anywhere on this screen to proceed. Navigate using the links at the bottom of every screen.

© Oxford University Press 2011 Model B3 Upgrade: Model Answers 2 Question Explanation of question Answer Question (part 1) The picture below shows two species of bats. Horseshoe bats feed at night and use their large ears to pick up sound echoes to locate their pray. Fruit bats have larger eyes and smaller ears. They are active in the evening and the morning.

© Oxford University Press 2011 Model B3 Upgrade: Model Answers 2 Question Explanation of question Answer Question (part 2) (a)Suggest why these two species of bats have evolved with different characteristics. [1] (b)Sudden changes in the environment can threaten the survival of a species. Suggest one change that could threaten the survival of horseshoe bats. Explain your choice. [2] (c)Many species of bats are endangered and may become extinct. Explain why it is important to try to stop species becoming extinct. [2]

© Oxford University Press 2011 Model B3 Upgrade: Model Answers 2 Question Explanation of question Answer Explanation of question In (a), your understanding of evolution and adaptation is tested. To answer the question, you only need to provide one reason for the differences. To answer (b), look at the specific characteristics of horseshoe bats. Make sure you offer a brief explanation for your choice to get both marks. In (c), your understanding of biodiversity is tested. To answer the question you need to give reasons why we need biodiversity. Your answer does not have to be specific to bats.

© Oxford University Press 2011 Model B3 Upgrade: Model Answers 2 Question Explanation of question Answer G–E answer (a) The bats faced different competition for food. (b)The environment might get hotter. comment This answer to (a) is correct. This is a valid point for (b) but the candidate has not explained why this might endanger the horseshoe bat. It is better to use information in the question to answer this. NextPrevious.

© Oxford University Press 2011 Model B3 Upgrade: Model Answers 2 Question Explanation of question Answer G–E answer (continued) (c)People don’t care if bats become extinct because they don’t like them, but some scientists would be sad. comment This response to (c) does not gain any marks. The candidate has not answered the question properly. Claiming that scientists will be sad is not a scientific reason for preventing extinction. NextPrevious.

© Oxford University Press 2011 Model B3 Upgrade: Model Answers 2 Question Explanation of question Answer D–C answer (a)The bats adapted to different environments. (b)If the moths get a disease and die, the bats might become extinct because the bats need to eat the moths to live. comment This is a good answer for (a). The answer may also have mentioned different competition for resources, or different genetic mutations. This response to (b) is another good answer. The survival of these bats depends on other species. NextPrevious.

© Oxford University Press 2011 Model B3 Upgrade: Model Answers 2 Question Explanation of question Answer D–C answer (continued) (c)It is important to stop species becoming extinct because we need biodiversity for food and medicines, and to help environments recover from natural disaster. comment This is a very detailed response to (c) worth both marks. Biodiversity is key to sustainability. NextPrevious.