Mobile UIs

First Mobile Radio Telephone 1924 Courtesy of Rich Howard

Mobile UIs Video Games Palm Pilots, etc Mobile Phones Audio Players

High Tech Product Design The Personal Health Ecosystem Environmental Sensors Sensor Appliance Installed Infrastructure Wearable Components Healthcare Provider

6 The Smile Phone & Web-i- Phone

7 Why Important? Now: Handheld = Mobile = Cell Phone Old: PDA = Personal Digital Assistant Big numbers of mobile phones About 11% are Smart phones “Mobile phones are rapidly becoming the preferred means of personal communication, creating the world's largest consumer electronics industry.” More mobile devices purchased last year than PCs and cars combined!

8 mCommerce Importance Nielsen: “Mobile access will be the third ‘killer app’ for the Internet, after and web browsing” “Anyone, anytime, anywhere, connected” Mobile Devices as “Life Accessories”Life Accessories --Panu Korhonen, Usability Group Lead, Nokia

OS Statistics Android now (11/2010) runs 32% of smart-phones, whereas Apple’s iPhone has only 25% of the market and the BlackBerry has 26%, according to Nielsen, a market research firm. Apple is set to sell some 15m iPads by the end of the year. 9

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First Generation Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS) US trials 1978; deployed in Japan (’79) & US (’83) Still widely used in US and many parts of the world Nordic Mobile Telephony (NMT) Sweden, Norway, Demark & Finland Launched 1981; now largely retired Total Access Communications System (TACS) British design; similar to AMPS; deployed 1985 Some TACS-900 systems still in use in Europe

Second Generation — 2G Digital systems Leverage technology to increase capacity Speech compression; digital signal processing Utilize/extend “Intelligent Network” concepts Add new services There are a wide diversity of 2G systems IS-54/ IS-136 North American TDMA; PDC (Japan) iDEN DECT and PHS IS-95 CDMA (cdmaOne) GSM

« Groupe Special Mobile », later changed to « Global System for Mobile » Joint European effort beginning in 1982 Services launched 1991 GSM is dominant world standard today Well defined interfaces; many competitors Tri-band GSM phone can roam the world today

No GSM coverage GSM coverage The GSM Footprint

3G Vision Universal global roaming Multimedia (voice, data & video) Increased data rates 384 kbps while moving 2 Mbps when stationary at specific locations Increased capacity (more spectrally efficient)

Migration To 3G

3G Services Who is first? – the customer; who is second? - No one

Why standards?

Issues with Handheld Designs Must follow the device’s style guidelines May depend on OS, Hardware and carrier Symbian, Nokia, Verizon May be different hardware configurations Not with Apple iPhone – closed platform RIM’s Storm How many buttons? Windows Mobile has minimum requirements Android? 19

Characteristics Small Low rez Limited graphics Limited computing Interactive

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Input methods Input methods include: Touch screen and gestural input Trackball or trackpad Trackwheel Keyboard

Input methods Trackball or trackpad: The trackball can move left, right, up, or down. Roll the trackball or slide a finger on the trackpad to move the cursor. Click the trackball or trackpad to perform default actions or open a context menu. Click the trackball or trackpad while pressing the Shift key to select text, or select messages in a message list.

Input methods Keyboard: Smartphones have either a QWERTY keyboard or SureType® keyboard. The QWERTY keyboard uses the same layout as standard desktop keyboards. The SureType keyboard contains multiple letters on each key.

Screens Menus: You can create a Full menu, which includes all the actions that users can perform in the application Context menu, or short menu, which contains a list of the most common available actions that users can perform within the current context

Fields Fields provide standard UI elements for controls: Buttons Check boxes Drop-down lists List boxes Option buttons Text fields Search fields Tree views

The importance of UI design for mobile applications Best practices: Keep your application consistent with others, to take advantage of user experience. Stay focused on the users’ immediate task. Display only the information and menu actions that users need at the moment. Minimize the number of steps required to complete a task. Allow users to change their minds and undo commands. Display information in a way that makes effective use of the small screen.

28 Windows Phone User tests identified Tahoma 10 bold as best system font, but couldn’t be used because not enough content fit in the dialogs So used Tahoma 9 Novice users did better with keyboard, but experts preferred character recognizer

Symbian OS Symbian OS background Symbian is a private independent company established in the UK in June 1998 and is owned by Ericsson, Nokia, Panasonic, Psion, Samsung Electronics, Motorola, Siemens and Sony Ericsson. Target Device and Market Symbian’s targeting market is the set of all handheld devices that support basic voice communication, data networking communication, video and picture capability, combined audio, photograph transmission and voice transmission capability, etc.

© 2009 Research In Motion Limited Push technology Push applications send web content or other data to specific BlackBerry smartphones. The push application automatically delivers the information as soon as it becomes available.

Android Linux-based open source mobile platform from Google. it is being developed by a number of leading manufacturers. 31

Maemo Nokia's latest operating system based on Linux. Powers the new Nokia N900. Bada Developed by Samsung and due to be powering their phones in