By Brandon Lennox, Timothy Prichard, Roger Allen.

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Presentation transcript:

By Brandon Lennox, Timothy Prichard, Roger Allen

 Market Structure  Demand  Elasticity  Economies of Scale and Scope  News Vendor Problem  Conclusion

 Oligopoly  United Postal Service Vs. FedEx  Vertical Boundaries  Suppliers

 High demand  Seasonality  Recession

 Transportation relies heavily on economies of scale and scope  This comes from shipping many different products from many different customers  This gives the ability to spread out overhead costs over a vast amount of items

 How are shipping companies trying to use economies of scale and scope.  Building massive ships to carry more and more containers.  Mergers are also being used in shipping to support economies of scale.

 International shipping company that uses trucks, planes, and distribution centers.  They take individuals packages and ship them all over the world.  This can not be done with just a few packages, but must be done with thousands of them.

 Exists when inventory or capacity expires  Freight Industry – Unsold Capacity ◦ Schedules ◦ Deadlines ◦ Newsvendor problem for transported goods

 Different common types of contracts ◦ Customer pays flat rate for truck  Buys all capacity for that truck  Newsvendor problem passed on to customer ◦ Truck waits till either it is filled or must leave to meet schedule  Newsvendor problem issue of trucking firm ◦ Selling Capacity by the pallet  Risk of newsvendor problem on trucking firm

 Strict schedule – very rigid  Consequently suffers heavily from newsvendor problem  Collective customer needs between hubs rarely exceeds locomotive capacity

 Shipper must pay a docking fee to harbor operators  Shipping overseas – no substitute ◦ Gives shipper negotiating power ◦ Allows shipper to better mitigate newsvendor risk to customers

 Stricter the schedule = More risk of newsvendor problem  Many times shipping company must make schedule without knowing exact customer demand  Other times schedule is made based on contracts won

 Depends who has negotiating power  Negotiation power depends on availability of alternatives or substitutes ◦ Many available substitutes = Customer holds negotiating power ◦ Few available substitutes = Shipper holds negotiating power

 Oligopoly  Subject to seasonality and economic conditions  Price and Income elastic  Vertical boundaries  The newsvendor problem