California Digital Library eScholarship Repository ASIST DASER Summit November 2003 Suzanne Samuel California Digital Library

UC : One university, one library California Digital Library (CDL) UC’s 11th library launched in 1998 Economies of scale: CDL collections include 130,000 online books, 8,000+ scholarly journals, 4,500 statistical files, 250 reference databases, 300,000 digital images of works in architecture and the visual arts

eScholarship Innovations in scholarly communication in support of research and teaching An initiative of the California Digital Library, started in 2000 Collaborate with faculty, university presses, societies, and libraries re. changes in scholarly communication Offer faculty fast, reliable, credible means to disseminate research results and advance scholarship

Why eScholarship? Why UC? Budget Crisis: Escalating costs and growing volume of publications diminishes buying power of library, threatens adequacy of collections for research Critical mass: UC faculty comprise > 12% of senior editors at top 2,000 journals Testbed: Size of UC collections, services, and community test scalability

eScholarship Repository Research from centers, research units, and departments across UC Deposit any faculty research or scholarly output they deem appropriate Faculty units are editorial and administrative gatekeepers Supports full spectrum of publishing activity: Unvetted: working papers, pre-prints, technical reports, conference papers… Peer-reviewed: articles, edited volumes, peer- reviewed journals… Opened in April 2002

eScholarship Repository

Key Repository Statistics 130 departments, centers, ORUs, MRUs participating from all 9 campuses 2,375 papers and articles Over 250,000 downloads (11,000+/week)

The Problem: Author Perspective Submitting papers: There is often no easy and effective method for faculty to put their papers on a web site University Organized Research Unit web site

The Problem: User Perspective University Organized Research Unit web site University Department web site University Research Center web site Browsing: the user must browse many individual sites to discover all university working papers

The Problem: User Perspective Searching: To search in one place, the user will also find a lot of garbage University Organized Research Unit web site University Department web site University Research Center web site

eScholarship Repository Dept X working papers ORU Y tech reports Center Z working papers The Solution: Author Perspective Papers are uploaded to an individual department or research unit web site that is part of the eScholarship Repository

eScholarship Repository Dept X working papers ORU Y tech reports Center Z working papers ejournals ebooks Some papers may undergo peer review and be published in books or journals Solution: Author Perspective

eScholarship Repository Topic-Based Virtual Portal Dept X working papers ORU Y tech reports Center Z conference papers ejournals ebooks Solution: User Perspective Different views of the papers (e.g., by topic area) can be easily constructed

eScholarship Repository Dept X working papers ORU Y tech reports Center Z conference papers Solution: User Perspective 3 ways to search all papers Directly Web Search Engines Open Archives

eScholarship Repository Dept X working papers ORU Y tech reports Center Z conference papers Metadata from the repository can easily feed campus portals on university research Solution: University Perspective

eScholarship Repository Benefits for Participants & Users Supports peer-reviewed journals and series Software makes distribution quick and efficient Automatic notification of new papers Usage tracked Fully searchable Administrative time savings for unit/department Alternative to commercial pre-print ventures with pay to deposit, pay to subscribe Organizational identity retained on site and paper OAi compliance means metadata easily harvestable, and papers more easily discovered

Open Archives Initiative Born in e-print community but adopted by wider digital library community Sponsored by CNI, DLF Standardizes and makes easy the collection of records from different repositories to create a federated service  Data providers “expose metadata”  Service providers “harvest metadata” & build services (several prototypes funded by Mellon – more info at

eScholarship Repository Journals and Peer-Reviewed Series New piece of infrastructure announced this summer Available to all UC faculty Journals must be free and open-access No editorial support; must be "do-it-yourself" San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science launched October overview.html

Repository Software Proprietary software licensed from the Berkeley Electronic Press (bepress) for use by UC departments, research units Wouldn’t we’d rather be using open-source? Yes! Have we yet found open-source software that does everything we want? Alas, not yet…

Repository Software & License bepress: UCB faculty start-up originally focused on ejournals EdiKit software adapted for repository through codevelopment agreement codevelopment: we specify and pay, they develop License now covering software, support, training, and rollout We contract with bepress to tell UC research units, centers, departments about the eScholarship Repository and sign them up

Implementation Model Distributed rollout: CDL, bepress, campuses Empower the research units and departments They designate system administrator and others in the unit with upload privileges bepress builds repository site for unit bepress trains the administrator and key people, usually by phone Unit uploads papers, which they select and manage No oversight, gatekeeping, or paper uploading from CDL

Spreading the Word: Key Players in the Repository Rollout CDL project manager eScholarship liaisons: one per campus bepress staff (one main person) Campus evangelizers

Distributed Rollout: Pros & Cons Pro:  Enables project to scale, and grow  Allows for rapidity of response without constraints of other library workload  Centralizes, from outreach to training to questions Con:  “Who is William Wong?”  Requires close management of outside contractor and alignment with library mission  Policy questions end up back at CDL anyway

Distributed Rollout Necessities:  Someone who knows what they don't know  Someone eminently capable  Campus liaisons and evangelizers  Good working relationship

Policy: Issues We Decide Agreement with CDL required, one per unit Units are required to get author agreements Author retains copyright, gives non-exclusive right to unit and CDL Permanent citation to paper, even if paper ultimately hidden Content need not be by UC faculty Faculty unit has full editorial responsibility

Policy: Issues Faculty Decide Author review of papers prior to posting Editorial review of papers prior to posting

Policy: Other Issues Subsequent journal publication: citation to article? removal of working paper? about.html

eScholarship Repository

UC International and Area Studies (UCIAS) Partnership of University of California Press, CDL, and internationally oriented research units on 8 campuses First example of eScholarship Repository peer-reviewed series Includes individual peer-reviewed articles, edited volumes, and monographs (working papers are in eScholarship Repository) Selected works published in print by UC Press

eScholarship Repository